Browsing by Author "Carduck, Ernst"

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    Chloridemissionen von Glasschmelzwannen
    (Offenbach : Verlag der Deutschen Glastechnischen Gesellschaft, 1978) Gebhardt, Franz; Carduck, Ernst; Arnolds, Jakob
    In Laborversuchen wurde der Einfluß des Schwefeldioxids auf die Bildung von Chlorwasserstoff bei Anwesenheit von Natriumchlorid und Wasserdampf untersucht. Die Versuchsergebnisse zeigen in ihrer Tendenz eine völlige Übereinstimmung mit den in der Praxis ermittelten Chlorwasserstoffemissionswerten. Je größer der SO₂-Gehalt im Reaktionsraum, um so größer ist die Chlorwasserstoffbildung bei konstant zur Verfügung stehender Natriumchloridmenge. Neben der Verwendung von schwefelfreien Energieträgern empfehlen sich für die Glasherstellung eine Senkung des Natriumsulfatanteiles sowie der Einsatz von Soda, die nur mit einem geringen Anteil von Natriumchlorid verunreinigt ist. Chloride emissions from glass tanks The influence of sulphur dioxide on the formation of hydrogen chloride in the presence of sodium chloride and hydrogen was investigated in the laboratory. The trend of the results indicates good agreement with hydrogen chloride emission values found in practice. The greater the SO₂ content of the combustion space the greater is the hydrogen chloride formation for a constant availability of sodium Chloride. In addition to the use of sulphur-free fuels for glass manufacture it is thus desirable to reduce the quantity of sodium sulphate and to use soda ash with the minimum level of sodium chloride impurity. Emissions de chlorures dans les fours à bassin On a effectué des essais de laboratoire pour étudier l'influence de SO₂ sur la formation d'acide chlorhydrique en présence de chlorure de sodium et de vapeur d'eau. Les résultats de ces essais concordent en règle générale avec les valeurs d'émission d'acide chlorhydrique obtenues dans la pratique. Plus la teneur en SO₂ est élevée, plus la formation d'acide chlorhydrique est intense, la quantité de chlorure de sodium disponible étant maintenue constante. Pour la fabrication du verre, on recommande non seulement l'utilisation de fluides exempts de soufre mais aussi l'abaissement des proportions de sulfate de sodium et l'utilisation de carbonate de sodium qui ne contient que de faibles quantités de chlorure de sodium.
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    Particulate emissions in the flue gas of flat glass production after electrostatic precipitators
    (Offenbach : Verlag der Deutschen Glastechnischen Gesellschaft, 2004) Kasper, Andreas; Carduck, Ernst; Manges, Monika; Stadelmann, Herbert; Klinkers, Jürgen
    As a contribution to the current discussion about fine dust and fine quartz and cristobalite particulate emissions and immissions, the authors point out the role the flat glass industry plays in this context. The main part of the raw material used in this industry is quartz sand (about 60 %), but the latter's granulometry is such that it contains practically no fine particles. This fact is inherent in undisturbed glass production because quartz sand particles with grain size below 80 μm would cause bad glass quality. Also other possible sources for silicon dioxide in the flue gas are discussed. In order to show the composition of the dust escaped to the electrostatic precipitators (EPs), the filters exclusively used in flat glass production, a number of quartz glass fiber filters used to measure the dust content in various plants were analyzed by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. Only in one case a quartz or cristobalite grain was identified, but with 30 μm it was bigger than the respiratory fraction (< 10 μm) under discussion. In summary, it can be said that the findings are not at all alarming. In order to finally prove that there is no need to worry about emissions of carcinogenic dust for the whole glass industry future cooperative research will be necessary.