Browsing by Author "Ehrig, Reiner"

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Analyses of aluminum traces in sorted amber cullet
    (Offenbach : Verlag der Deutschen Glastechnischen Gesellschaft, 2005) Pitzel, Christian; Ehrig, Reiner; Stachel, Dörte
    This paper deals with analyses of aluminum impurities in already sorted cullet. Some ways of minimizing the amount of pure aluminum in this amber cullet are shown and discussed. By the mechanism presented the aluminum is oxidized with an alkaline Solution at pH 7.5 up to 11.5, as found in outside stored cullet. This proves to be a useful way of minimizing metallic aluminum in cullet and reduction of interfering inclusions in glasses.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Five years of operational experience with the SORG LoNOx® Melter
    (Offenbach : Verlag der Deutschen Glastechnischen Gesellschaft, 1995) Ehrig, Reiner; Wiegand, Joachim; Neubauer, Egon
    Following an operation of 5½ years, the prototype of the well-known LoNOx® Melter was shut down in the bottle glass plant at Steinbach am Wald, repaired and then put into operation again. This paper is about the operational experience gained during the time the melter was in operation as well as about the changes made during the repair and their initial consequences. During the last furnace campaign the tonnage was increased from 165 to a maximum of 220 t/d and the cullet ratio was raised to 95 % at the same time. The specific energy consumption decreased to below 3600 kJ/kg and it was possible to further reduce it to 3300 kJ/kg following the repair. The proportion of booster energy, too, was reduced. The NOₓ levels initially achieved were mostly below the target value set by TA Luft (air pollution regulations). At present, the target value can be maintained in a stable way. This type of furnace can be considered to be a good alternative to conventional furnaces with a Denox unit.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Silicon in container glasses, its solution kinetics and dissolving potential in container glass furnaces
    (Offenbach : Verlag der Deutschen Glastechnischen Gesellschaft, 2005) Pitzel, Christian; Stachel, Dörte; Ehrig, Reiner
    The forming proeess of sihcon stones in differently colored container glasses under the action of different aluminum pieces will be discussed and some special features during the generation reported. The dissolution of formed silicon stones was analyzed in dependence on melting time, temperature and color of the glass. With the knowledge of these parameters the rate constant and the diffusion coefficient of the dissoludon were calculated. The main results are: first, it is not possible to generate large silicon stones anyway, indicated by big aluminum pieces which will be divided when they become liquid. Second, the dissolving of the silicon stones does not go on homogenously about the whole temperature range analyzed. But it can be divided into three fields: an area below, an area around and an area above the melting point of the silicon. The reason for these differences is found in the SiO2-rich layer around the stones which will be formed and dissolved by different rates in colored container glasses. On the basis of these dissolving rates and of the temperature profiles in glass meldng furnaces the dissolving potential in furnaces could be calculated. Three possible routes of silicon stones through special types of furnaces show the respective dissolving potential for silicon. The potential for dissolution of elementary Silicon for the calculated types of Container glass furnaces is nearly the same. The dissolution rates could be improved by raising the temperature of the glass bath in the furnace and by raising the dwell time of the silicon stones in the furnace.