Glass Science and Technology

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    Shaping of glass melts by continuous pull extrusion
    (Offenbach : Verlag der Deutschen Glastechnischen Gesellschaft, 1994) Rammo, Manfred; Roeder, Erwin
    Continuous pull extrusion represents an important further development of the traditional extrusion process. It enables the manufacturing of arbitrary endless inner and outer profiles of glasses for common and special technical applications with a high trueness of shape and precision in a markedly more economical way than by the usual discontinuous extrusion method. This is achieved by a continuous supply of the glass into the equipment in connection with a considerable saving of the up to now unavoidable setting periods. The drawing process immediately following the extrusion procedure itself permits a defined cross-sectional diminishing of the extruded profiles and causes together with this a rectilinear straightening of the products.
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    Large end-fired furnaces with a melting area of 100 m^2 and more
    (Offenbach : Verlag der Deutschen Glastechnischen Gesellschaft, 1994) Pieper, Helmut
    [no abstract available]
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    Glass with super thermal insulation properties. An important element in the fight to reduce heat consumption in buildings
    (Offenbach : Verlag der Deutschen Glastechnischen Gesellschaft, 1994) Ortmanns, Günter
    The application of heat-insulating glasses gives rise to the preservation of fossil energy and thus represents an important contribution for energy savings. Since many years the glass industry provides highly efficient insulating glass systems with low U values as well as with various solar transmissions. These systems have a strong impact on an architecture which cares for the aspect of ecology. The glass industry is well-prepared with the heat-insulating glasses to meet the pending regulations for heating of buildings. These new glass products have been introduced already. Furthermore, the glass industry is prepared to adjust to the capacity requirements as a consequence of further standardization by providing neutral, highly transparent, coated insulating glasses. In particular the paper deals with the solar contribution to the heating of buildings, the state of art in the manufacturing of heat-insulating glasses with low-emissivity coatings and gas filling, and the influence of the window on the heat requirement of buildings.
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    Isolierglas ohne Reflexionsverzerrungen
    (Offenbach : Verlag der Deutschen Glastechnischen Gesellschaft, 1994) Küffner jr., Peter
    [no abstract available]
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    Gas exchange between bubbles and molten glass
    (Offenbach : Verlag der Deutschen Glastechnischen Gesellschaft, 1994) Hermans, Jan Matthijs; Verbeek, Adriaan Cornelis
    Knowledge about the exchange of gases between bubbles and molten glass is o f vital importance for bubble diagnosis. This process was studied using melting trials with very well-defined test bubbles (tracer bubbles), and bubble analysis. These experiments enable the direct determination of the gas permeability (the product of solubility and diffusivity) which describes the rate of gas exchange. In literature, little reliable data on the permeability can be found due to experimental problems with the most common method of studying gas exchange, gas extraction. For CO₂ in television screenglass a permeability of about 2 * 10⁻¹⁷ mol/(m s Pa) at 1305°C was found.