Broad Family of Carbon Nanoallotropes: Classification, Chemistry, and Applications of Fullerenes, Carbon Dots, Nanotubes, Graphene, Nanodiamonds, and Combined Superstructures

Abstract

Classification, chemistry, and applications of fullerenes, carbon dots, nanotubes, graphene, nanodiamonds, and combined superstructures of a range of carbon nanoallotropes are investigated. The investigations also cover superstructures consisting of combinations of carbon nanoallotropes such as fullerene aggregates, CNTs or graphene thin films, fibers, membranes, and aerogels in addition to describing individual carbon nanoallotropes. The issue of chemical modification of carbon nanoallotropes with division into several sections based on the origins of the chemical reactivity in each case is also investigated.