Modeling and simulation of an isolated mini-grid including battery operation strategies under uncertainty using chance constraints

Abstract

This paper addresses the challenge of handling uncertainties in mini-grid operation, crucial for achieving universal access to reliable and sustainable energy, especially in regions lacking access to a national grid. Mini-grids, consisting of small-scale power generation systems and distribution infrastructure, offer a cost-effective solution. However, the intermittency and uncertainty of renewable energy sources poses challenges, mitigated by employing batteries for energy storage. Optimizing the lifespan of the battery energy storage system is critical, requiring a balance between degradation and operational expenses, with battery operation strategies playing a key role in achieving this balance. Accounting for uncertainties in renewable energy sources, demand, and ambient temperature is essential for reliable energy management strategies. By formulating a probabilistic optimal control problem for minimizing the daily operational costs of stand-alone mini-grids under uncertainty, and exploiting the concept of joint chance constraints, we address the uncertainties inherent in battery dynamics and the associated operational constraints.