Electrochemical cells for on-line measurements of oxygen fugacities in glass-forming melts

Abstract

Electrochemical cells for the on-line measurement of oxygen fugacities in oxidic glass-forming melts employing yttria-doped zirconia have been developed for both laboratory and technical application. The basic electrochemistry and the different modes of construction are explained, and two applications are reported, first, the study of redox fining and second, the determination of standard Seebeck coefficients of melts by means of two ZrO2 reference electrodes.