The 'grinding marks' of ancient glass - a critical assessment

Abstract

The theoretical reconstruction of ancient manufacturing methods depends on a correct interpretation of the extant manufacturing traces. An error with serious consequences was the misinterpretation of the typical scratches of ancient glass as grinding marks. Generations of archaeologists were convinced that especially the Roman glassworkers had a superior command of the art of glass cutting and grinding, which supposedly was never again surpassed in history. A few years ago, a new interpretation of the typical scratches of ancient glass was given, explaining the scratches as traces of the hot manufacturing process. Recent scientific investigations support this new perception. A summarizing presentation of the topic is given here to provide a realistic starting point for further research about the ancient glass manufacturing methods.