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search.filters.applied.f.access: openAccess × Author: Kraus, Tobias × End date: 2024 × Start date: 2020 × DDC: 610 × Version: publishedVersion ×

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    PhysioSkin: Rapid Fabrication of Skin-Conformal Physiological Interfaces
    (New York,NY,United States : Association for Computing Machinery, 2020) Nittala, Aditya Shekhar; Khan, Arshad; Kruttwig, Klaus; Kraus, Tobias; Steimle, Jürgen; Bernhaupt, Regina
    Advances in rapid prototyping platforms have made physiological sensing accessible to a wide audience. However, off-the-shelf electrodes commonly used for capturing biosignals are typically thick, non-conformal and do not support customization. We present PhysioSkin, a rapid, do-it-yourself prototyping method for fabricating custom multi-modal physiological sensors, using commercial materials and a commodity desktop inkjet printer. It realizes ultrathin skin-conformal patches (~1μm) and interactive textiles that capture sEMG, EDA and ECG signals. It further supports fabricating devices with custom levels of thickness and stretchability. We present detailed fabrication explorations on multiple substrate materials, functional inks and skin adhesive materials. Informed from the literature, we also provide design recommendations for each of the modalities. Evaluation results show that the sensor patches achieve a high signal-to-noise ratio. Example applications demonstrate the functionality and versatility of our approach for prototyping a next generation of physiological devices that intimately couple with the human body.
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    An Outer Membrane Vesicle-Based Permeation Assay (OMPA) for Assessing Bacterial Bioavailability
    (Weinheim : Wiley-VCH, 2021) Richter, Robert; Kamal, Mohamed A.M.; Koch, Marcus; Niebuur, Bart-Jan; Huber, Anna-Lena; Goes, Adriely; Volz, Carsten; Vergalli, Julia; Kraus, Tobias; Müller, Rolf; Schneider-Daum, Nicole; Fuhrmann, Gregor; Pagès, Jean-Marie; Lehr, Claus-Michael
    When searching for new antibiotics against Gram-negative bacterial infections, a better understanding of the permeability across the cell envelope and tools to discriminate high from low bacterial bioavailability compounds are urgently needed. Inspired by the phospholipid vesicle-based permeation assay (PVPA), which is designed to predict non-facilitated permeation across phospholipid membranes, outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) of Escherichia coli either enriched or deficient of porins are employed to coat filter supports for predicting drug uptake across the complex cell envelope. OMVs and the obtained in vitro model are structurally and functionally characterized using cryo-TEM, SEM, CLSM, SAXS, and light scattering techniques. In vitro permeability, obtained from the membrane model for a set of nine antibiotics, correlates with reported in bacterio accumulation data and allows to discriminate high from low accumulating antibiotics. In contrast, the correlation of the same data set generated by liposome-based comparator membranes is poor. This better correlation of the OMV-derived membranes points to the importance of hydrophilic membrane components, such as lipopolysaccharides and porins, since those features are lacking in liposomal comparator membranes. This approach can offer in the future a high throughput screening tool with high predictive capacity or can help to identify compound- and bacteria-specific passive uptake pathways.