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search.filters.applied.f.access: openAccess × Start date: 2019 × Start date: 2010 × DDC: 500 × Type: Article × Subject: Biomass ×

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    The global economic long-term potential of modern biomass in a climate-constrained world
    (Bristol : IOP Publishing, 2014) Klein, David; Humpenöder, Florian; Bauer, Nico; Dietrich, Jan Philipp; Popp, Alexander; Bodirsky, Benjamin Leon; Bonsch, Markus; Lotze-Campen, Hermann
    Low-stabilization scenarios consistent with the 2 °C target project large-scale deployment of purpose-grown lignocellulosic biomass. In case a GHG price regime integrates emissions from energy conversion and from land-use/land-use change, the strong demand for bioenergy and the pricing of terrestrial emissions are likely to coincide. We explore the global potential of purpose-grown lignocellulosic biomass and ask the question how the supply prices of biomass depend on prices for greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the land-use sector. Using the spatially explicit global land-use optimization model MAgPIE, we construct bioenergy supply curves for ten world regions and a global aggregate in two scenarios, with and without a GHG tax. We find that the implementation of GHG taxes is crucial for the slope of the supply function and the GHG emissions from the land-use sector. Global supply prices start at $5 GJ−1 and increase almost linearly, doubling at 150 EJ (in 2055 and 2095). The GHG tax increases bioenergy prices by $5 GJ−1 in 2055 and by $10 GJ−1 in 2095, since it effectively stops deforestation and thus excludes large amounts of high-productivity land. Prices additionally increase due to costs for N2O emissions from fertilizer use. The GHG tax decreases global land-use change emissions by one-third. However, the carbon emissions due to bioenergy production increase by more than 50% from conversion of land that is not under emission control. Average yields required to produce 240 EJ in 2095 are roughly 600 GJ ha−1 yr−1 with and without tax.
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    Global data on earthworm abundance, biomass, diversity and corresponding environmental properties
    (London : Nature Publ. Group, 2021) Phillips, Helen R. P.; Bach, Elizabeth M.; Bartz, Marie L. C.; Bennett, Joanne M.; Beugnon, Rémy; Briones, Maria J. I.; Brown, George G.; Ferlian, Olga; Gongalsky, Konstantin B.; Guerra, Carlos A.; König-Ries, Birgitta; López-Hernández, Danilo; Loss, Scott R.; Marichal, Raphael; Matula, Radim; Minamiya, Yukio; Moos, Jan Hendrik; Moreno, Gerardo; Morón-Ríos, Alejandro; Motohiro, Hasegawa; Muys, Bart; Krebs, Julia J.; Neirynck, Johan; Norgrove, Lindsey; Novo, Marta; Nuutinen, Visa; Nuzzo, Victoria; Mujeeb Rahman, P.; Pansu, Johan; Paudel, Shishir; Pérès, Guénola; Pérez-Camacho, Lorenzo; Orgiazzi, Alberto; Ponge, Jean-François; Prietzel, Jörg; Rapoport, Irina B.; Rashid, Muhammad Imtiaz; Rebollo, Salvador; Rodríguez, Miguel Á.; Roth, Alexander M.; Rousseau, Guillaume X.; Rozen, Anna; Sayad, Ehsan; Ramirez, Kelly S.; van Schaik, Loes; Scharenbroch, Bryant; Schirrmann, Michael; Schmidt, Olaf; Schröder, Boris; Seeber, Julia; Shashkov, Maxim P.; Singh, Jaswinder; Smith, Sandy M.; Steinwandter, Michael; Russell, David J.; Szlavecz, Katalin; Talavera, José Antonio; Trigo, Dolores; Tsukamoto, Jiro; Uribe-López, Sheila; de Valença, Anne W.; Virto, Iñigo; Wackett, Adrian A.; Warren, Matthew W.; Webster, Emily R.; Schwarz, Benjamin; Wehr, Nathaniel H.; Whalen, Joann K.; Wironen, Michael B.; Wolters, Volkmar; Wu, Pengfei; Zenkova, Irina V.; Zhang, Weixin; Cameron, Erin K.; Eisenhauer, Nico; Wall, Diana H.; Brose, Ulrich; Decaëns, Thibaud; Lavelle, Patrick; Loreau, Michel; Mathieu, Jérôme; Mulder, Christian; van der Putten, Wim H.; Rillig, Matthias C.; Thakur, Madhav P.; de Vries, Franciska T.; Wardle, David A.; Ammer, Christian; Ammer, Sabine; Arai, Miwa; Ayuke, Fredrick O.; Baker, Geoff H.; Baretta, Dilmar; Barkusky, Dietmar; Beauséjour, Robin; Bedano, Jose C.; Birkhofer, Klaus; Blanchart, Eric; Blossey, Bernd; Bolger, Thomas; Bradley, Robert L.; Brossard, Michel; Burtis, James C.; Capowiez, Yvan; Cavagnaro, Timothy R.; Choi, Amy; Clause, Julia; Cluzeau, Daniel; Coors, Anja; Crotty, Felicity V.; Crumsey, Jasmine M.; Dávalos, Andrea; Cosín, Darío J. Díaz; Dobson, Annise M.; Domínguez, Anahí; Duhour, Andrés Esteban; van Eekeren, Nick; Emmerling, Christoph; Falco, Liliana B.; Fernández, Rosa; Fonte, Steven J.; Fragoso, Carlos; Franco, André L. C.; Fusilero, Abegail; Geraskina, Anna P.; Gholami, Shaieste; González, Grizelle; Gundale, Michael J.; López, Mónica Gutiérrez; Hackenberger, Branimir K.; Hackenberger, Davorka K.; Hernández, Luis M.; Hirth, Jeff R.; Hishi, Takuo; Holdsworth, Andrew R.; Holmstrup, Martin; Hopfensperger, Kristine N.; Lwanga, Esperanza Huerta; Huhta, Veikko; Hurisso, Tunsisa T.; Iannone, Basil V.; Iordache, Madalina; Irmler, Ulrich; Ivask, Mari; Jesús, Juan B.; Johnson-Maynard, Jodi L.; Joschko, Monika; Kaneko, Nobuhiro; Kanianska, Radoslava; Keith, Aidan M.; Kernecker, Maria L.; Koné, Armand W.; Kooch, Yahya; Kukkonen, Sanna T.; Lalthanzara, H.; Lammel, Daniel R.; Lebedev, Iurii M.; Le Cadre, Edith; Lincoln, Noa K.
    Earthworms are an important soil taxon as ecosystem engineers, providing a variety of crucial ecosystem functions and services. Little is known about their diversity and distribution at large spatial scales, despite the availability of considerable amounts of local-scale data. Earthworm diversity data, obtained from the primary literature or provided directly by authors, were collated with information on site locations, including coordinates, habitat cover, and soil properties. Datasets were required, at a minimum, to include abundance or biomass of earthworms at a site. Where possible, site-level species lists were included, as well as the abundance and biomass of individual species and ecological groups. This global dataset contains 10,840 sites, with 184 species, from 60 countries and all continents except Antarctica. The data were obtained from 182 published articles, published between 1973 and 2017, and 17 unpublished datasets. Amalgamating data into a single global database will assist researchers in investigating and answering a wide variety of pressing questions, for example, jointly assessing aboveground and belowground biodiversity distributions and drivers of biodiversity change.