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    Three-Dimensional Superconducting Nanohelices Grown by He+-Focused-Ion-Beam Direct Writing
    (Washington, DC : ACS Publ., 2019) Córdoba, Rosa; Mailly, Dominique; Rezaev, Roman O.; Smirnova, Ekaterina I.; Schmidt, Oliver G.; Fomin, Vladimir M.; Zeitler, Uli; Guillamón, Isabel; Suderow, Hermann; De Teresa, José María
    Novel schemes based on the design of complex three-dimensional (3D) nanoscale architectures are required for the development of the next generation of advanced electronic components. He+ focused-ion-beam (FIB) microscopy in combination with a precursor gas allows one to fabricate 3D nanostructures with an extreme resolution and a considerably higher aspect ratio than FIB-based methods, such as Ga+ FIB-induced deposition, or other additive manufacturing technologies. In this work, we report the fabrication of 3D tungsten carbide nanohelices with on-demand geometries via controlling key deposition parameters. Our results show the smallest and highest-densely packed nanohelix ever fabricated so far, with dimensions of 100 nm in diameter and aspect ratio up to 65. These nanohelices become superconducting at 7 K and show a large critical magnetic field and critical current density. In addition, given its helical 3D geometry, fingerprints of vortex and phase-slip patterns are experimentally identified and supported by numerical simulations based on the time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau equation. These results can be understood by the helical geometry that induces specific superconducting properties and paves the way for future electronic components, such as sensors, energy storage elements, and nanoantennas, based on 3D compact nanosuperconductors. © 2019 American Chemical Society.
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    Steering of Vortices by Magnetic Field Tilting in Open Superconductor Nanotubes
    (Basel : MDPI, 2024) Bogush, Igor; Fomin, Vladimir M.; Dobrovolskiy, Oleksandr V.
    In planar superconductor thin films, the places of nucleation and arrangements of moving vortices are determined by structural defects. However, various applications of superconductors require reconfigurable steering of fluxons, which is hard to realize with geometrically predefined vortex pinning landscapes. Here, on the basis of the time-dependent Ginzburg–Landau equation, we present an approach for the steering of vortex chains and vortex jets in superconductor nanotubes containing a slit. The idea is based on the tilting of the magnetic field (Formula presented.) at an angle (Formula presented.) in the plane perpendicular to the axis of a nanotube carrying an azimuthal transport current. Namely, while at (Formula presented.), vortices move paraxially in opposite directions within each half-tube; an increase in (Formula presented.) displaces the areas with the close-to-maximum normal component (Formula presented.) to the close(opposite)-to-slit regions, giving rise to descending (ascending) branches in the induced-voltage frequency spectrum (Formula presented.). At lower B values, upon reaching the critical angle (Formula presented.), the close-to-slit vortex chains disappear, yielding (Formula presented.) of the (Formula presented.) type ((Formula presented.) : an integer; (Formula presented.) : the vortex nucleation frequency). At higher B values, (Formula presented.) is largely blurry because of multifurcations of vortex trajectories, leading to the coexistence of a vortex jet with two vortex chains at (Formula presented.). In addition to prospects for the tuning of GHz-frequency spectra and the steering of vortices as information bits, our findings lay the foundation for on-demand tuning of vortex arrangements in 3D superconductor membranes in tilted magnetic fields.
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    Supervised discriminant analysis for droplet micro-magnetofluidics
    (Heidelberg : Springer, 2015) Lin, Gungun; Fomin, Vladimir M.; Makarov, Denys; Schmidt, Oliver G.
    We apply the technique of supervised discriminant analysis (SDA) for in-flow detection in droplet-based magnetofluidics. Based on the SDA, we successfully discriminate bivariant droplets of different volumes containing different encapsulated magnetic content produced by a GMR-based lab-on-chip platform. We demonstrate that the accuracy of discrimination is superior when the correlation of variables for data training is included to the case when the spatial distribution of variables is considered. Droplets produced with differences in ferrofluid concentration of 2.5 mg/ml and volume of 200 pl have been identified with high accuracy (98 %), indicating the significance of SDA for e.g. the discrimination in magnetic immuno-agglutination assays. Furthermore, the results open the way for the development of a unique magnetofluidic platform for future applications in multiplexed droplet-based barcoding assays and screening.