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Author: Fursov, Andriy × Publisher: Basel : MDPI ×

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Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
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    Naturally drug-loaded chitin: Isolation and applications
    (Basel : MDPI, 2019) Kovalchuk, Valentine; Voronkina, Alona; Binnewerg, Björn; Schubert, Mario; Muzychka, Liubov; Wysokowski, Marcin; Tsurkan, Mikhail V.; Bechmann, Nicole; Petrenko, Iaroslav; Fursov, Andriy; Martinovic, Rajko; Ivanenko, Viatcheslav N.; Fromont, Jane; Smolii, Oleg B.; Joseph, Yvonne; Giovine, Marco; Erpenbeck, Dirk; Gelinsky, Michael; Springer, Armin; Guan, Kaomei; Bornstein, Stefan R.; Ehrlich, Hermann
    Naturally occurring three-dimensional (3D) biopolymer-based matrices that can be used in different biomedical applications are sustainable alternatives to various artificial 3D materials. For this purpose, chitin-based structures from marine sponges are very promising substitutes. Marine sponges from the order Verongiida (class Demospongiae) are typical examples of demosponges with well-developed chitinous skeletons. In particular, species belonging to the family Ianthellidae possess chitinous, flat, fan-like fibrous skeletons with a unique, microporous 3D architecture that makes them particularly interesting for applications. In this work, we focus our attention on the demosponge Ianthella flabelliformis (Linnaeus, 1759) for simultaneous extraction of both naturally occurring (“ready-to-use”) chitin scaffolds, and biologically active bromotyrosines which are recognized as potential antibiotic, antitumor, and marine antifouling substances. We show that selected bromotyrosines are located within pigmental cells which, however, are localized within chitinous skeletal fibers of I. flabelliformis. A two-step reaction provides two products: treatment with methanol extracts the bromotyrosine compounds bastadin 25 and araplysillin-I N20 sulfamate, and a subsequent treatment with acetic acid and sodium hydroxide exposes the 3D chitinous scaffold. This scaffold is a mesh-like structure, which retains its capillary network, and its use as a potential drug delivery biomaterial was examined for the first time. The results demonstrate that sponge-derived chitin scaffolds, impregnated with decamethoxine, effectively inhibit growth of the human pathogen Staphylococcus aureus in an agar diffusion assay
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    Electrochemical approach for isolation of chitin from the skeleton of the black coral cirrhipathes sp. (Antipatharia)
    (Basel : MDPI, 2020) Nowacki, Krzysztof; Stępniak, Izabela; Langer, Enrico; Tsurkan, Mikhail; Wysokowski, Marcin; Petrenko, Iaroslav; Khrunyk, Yuliya; Fursov, Andriy; Bo, Marzia; Bavestrello, Giorgio; Joseph, Yvonne; Ehrlich, Hermann
    The development of novel and effective methods for the isolation of chitin, which remains one of the fundamental aminopolysaccharides within skeletal structures of diverse marine invertebrates, is still relevant. In contrast to numerous studies on chitin extraction from crustaceans, mollusks and sponges, there are only a few reports concerning its isolation from corals, and especially black corals (Antipatharia). In this work, we report the stepwise isolation and identification of chitin from Cirrhipathes sp. (Antipatharia, Antipathidae) for the first time. The proposed method, aiming at the extraction of the chitinous scaffold from the skeleton of black coral species, combined a well-known chemical treatment with in situ electrolysis, using a concentrated Na2SO4 aqueous solution as the electrolyte. This novel method allows the isolation of a-chitin in the form of a microporous membrane-like material. Moreover, the extracted chitinous scaffold, with a well-preserved, unique pore distribution, has been extracted in an astoundingly short time (12 h) compared to the earlier reported attempts at chitin isolation from Antipatharia corals. © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
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    Spider chitin: An Ultrafast Microwave-Assisted Method for Chitin Isolation from Caribena versicolor Spider Molt Cuticle
    (Basel : MDPI, 2019) Machałowski, Tomasz; Wysokowski, Marcin; Tsurkan, Mikhail V.; Galli, Roberta; Schimpf, Christian; Rafaja, David; Brendler, Erica; Viehweger, Christine; Zółtowska-Aksamitowska, Sonia; Petrenko, Iaroslav; Czaczyk, Katarzyna; Kraft, Michael; Bertau, Martin; Bechmann, Nicole; Guan, Kaomei; Bornstein, Stefan R.; Voronkina, Alona; Fursov, Andriy; Bejger, Magdalena; Biniek-Antosiak, Katarzyna; Rypniewski, Wojciech; Figlerowicz, Marek; Pokrovsky, Oleg; Jesionowski, Teofil; Ehrlich, Hermann
    Chitin, as a fundamental polysaccharide in invertebrate skeletons, continues to be actively investigated, especially with respect to new sources and the development of effective methods for its extraction. Recent attention has been focused on marine crustaceans and sponges; however, the potential of spiders (order Araneae) as an alternative source of tubular chitin has been overlooked. In this work, we focused our attention on chitin from up to 12 cm-large Theraphosidae spiders, popularly known as tarantulas or bird-eating spiders. These organisms “lose” large quantities of cuticles during their molting cycle. Here, we present for the first time a highly effective method for the isolation of chitin from Caribena versicolor spider molt cuticle, as well as its identification and characterization using modern analytical methods. We suggest that the tube-like molt cuticle of this spider can serve as a naturally prefabricated and renewable source of tubular chitin with high potential for application in technology and biomedicine. © 2019 by the authors.