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- ItemRenewable vanillin based flame retardant for poly(lactic acid): A way to enhance flame retardancy and toughness simultaneously(London : RSC Publishing, 2018) Zhao, Pengcheng; Liu, Zhiqi; Wang, Xueyi; Pan, Ye-Tang; Kuehnert, Ines; Gehde, Michael; Wang, De-Yi; Leuteritz, AndreasIn this study, a novel bio-based flame retardant material consisting of modified vanillin and poly(lactic acid) (PLA) was developed by incorporation of newly discovered additive, bis(5-formyl-2-methoxyphenyl) phenylphosphonate (VP), into the PLA matrix. The chemical structure of VP was confirmed by 1 H-, 13 C- and 31 P NMR and FTIR. The flame retardancy, thermal behavior as well as the mechanical properties of PLA/VP composites were evaluated. With 5 wt% of VP, the LOI of PLA increased from 21.4 to 25.8 and passed the UL-94 V-0 classification. Additionally, the elongation at break was improved from 3% to 11% without sacrificing tensile strength. In an effort to understand the mechanisms, TGA-FTIR, TGA and SEM were performed. This paper suggests a new possibility to prepare polymeric composites with enhanced flame retardancy from sustainable resources.