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    Single-Molecule Magnets DyM2N@C80 and Dy2MN@C80 (M=Sc, Lu): The Impact of Diamagnetic Metals on Dy3+ Magnetic Anisotropy, Dy⋅⋅⋅Dy Coupling, and Mixing of Molecular and Lattice Vibrations
    (Weinheim : Wiley-VCH, 2020) Spree, Lukas; Schlesier, Christin; Kostanyan, Aram; Westerström, Rasmus; Greber, Thomas; Büchner, Bernd; Avdoshenko, Stanislav M.; Popov, Alexey A.
    The substitution of scandium in fullerene single-molecule magnets (SMMs) DySc2N@C80 and Dy2ScN@C80 by lutetium has been studied to explore the influence of the diamagnetic metal on the SMM performance of dysprosium nitride clusterfullerenes. The use of lutetium led to an improved SMM performance of DyLu2N@C80, which shows a higher blocking temperature of magnetization (TB=9.5 K), longer relaxation times, and broader hysteresis than DySc2N@C80 (TB=6.9 K). At the same time, Dy2LuN@C80 was found to have a similar blocking temperature of magnetization to Dy2ScN@C80 (TB=8 K), but substantially different interactions between the magnetic moments of the dysprosium ions in the Dy2MN clusters. Surprisingly, although the intramolecular dipolar interactions in Dy2LuN@C80 and Dy2ScN@C80 are of similar strength, the exchange interactions in Dy2LuN@C80 are close to zero. Analysis of the low-frequency molecular and lattice vibrations showed strong mixing of the lattice modes and endohedral cluster librations in k-space. This mixing simplifies the spin–lattice relaxation by conserving the momentum during the spin flip and helping to distribute the moment and energy further into the lattice. © 2019 The Authors. Published by Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA.
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    Correlation of Work Function and Conformation of C80 Endofullerenes on h-BN/Ni(111)
    (Weinheim : Wiley-VCH, 2024) Stania, Roland; Seitsonen, Ari Paavo; Jung, Hyunjin; Kunhardt, David; Popov, Alexey A.; Muntwiler, Matthias; Greber, Thomas
    Change of conformation or polarization of molecules is an expression of their functionality. If the two correlate, electric fields can change the conformation. In the case of endofullerene single-molecule magnets the conformation is linked to an electric and a magnetic dipole moment, and therefore magnetoelectric effects are envisoned. The interface system of one monolayer Sc2TbN@C80 on hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) on Ni(111) has been studied. The molecular layer is hexagonally close packedbut incommensurate. With photoemission the polarization and the conformation of the molecules are addressed by the work function and angular intensity distributions. Valence band photoemission (ARPES) shows a temperature-induced energy shift of the C80 molecular orbitals that is parallel to a change in work function of 0.25 eV without charging the molecules. ARPES indicates a modification in molecular conformations between 30 and 300 K. This order–disorder transition involves a polarization change in the interface and is centered at 125 K as observed with high-resolution X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The temperature dependence is described with a thermodynamic model that accounts for disordering with an excitation energy of 74 meV into a high entropy ensemble. All experimental results are supported by density functional theory (DFT).