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    On convex lower-level black-box constraints in bilevel optimization with an application to gas market models with chance constraints
    (Berlin : Weierstraß-Institut für Angewandte Analysis und Stochastik, 2021) Heitsch, Holger; Henrion, René; Kleinert, Thomas; Schmidt, Martin
    Bilevel optimization is an increasingly important tool to model hierarchical decision making. However, the ability of modeling such settings makes bilevel problems hard to solve in theory and practice. In this paper, we add on the general difficulty of this class of problems by further incorporating convex black-box constraints in the lower level. For this setup, we develop a cutting-plane algorithm that computes approximate bilevel-feasible points. We apply this method to a bilevel model of the European gas market in which we use a joint chance constraint to model uncertain loads. Since the chance constraint is not available in closed form, this fits into the black-box setting studied before. For the applied model, we use further problem-specific insights to derive bounds on the objective value of the bilevel problem. By doing so, we are able to show that we solve the application problem to approximate global optimality. In our numerical case study we are thus able to evaluate the welfare sensitivity in dependence of the achieved safety level of uncertain load coverage.
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    On the algorithmic solution of optimization problems subject to probabilistic/robust (probust) constraints
    (Berlin : Weierstraß-Institut für Angewandte Analysis und Stochastik, 2021) Berthold, Holger; Heitsch, Holger; Henrion, René; Schwientek, Jan
    We present an adaptive grid refinement algorithm to solve probabilistic optimization problems with infinitely many random constraints. Using a bilevel approach, we iteratively aggregate inequalities that provide most information not in a geometric but in a probabilistic sense. This conceptual idea, for which a convergence proof is provided, is then adapted to an implementable algorithm. The efficiency of our approach when compared to naive methods based on uniform grid refinement is illustrated for a numerical test example as well as for a water reservoir problem with joint probabilistic filling level constraints.