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Unexpected differences between surface and bulk spectroscopic and implied Kondo properties of heavy fermion CeRh2Si2
2020, Poelchen, Georg, Schulz, Susanne, Mende, Max, Güttler, Monika, Generalov, Alexander, Fedorov, Alexander V., Caroca-Canales, Nubia, Geibel, Christoph, Kliemt, Kristin, Krellner, Cornelius, Danzenbächer, Steffen, Usachov, Dmitry Y., Dudin, Pavel, Antonov, Victor N., Allen, James W., Laubschat, Clemens, Kummer, Kurt, Kucherenko, Yuri, Vyalikh, Denis V.
Ultra-violet angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (UV-ARPES) was used to explore the temperature dependence of the Ce-4f spectral responses for surface and bulk in the antiferromagnetic Kondo lattice CeRh2Si2. Spectra were taken from Ce- and Si-terminated surfaces in a wide temperature range, and reveal characteristic 4f patterns for weakly (surface) and strongly (bulk) hybridized Ce, respectively. The temperature dependence of the Fermi level peak differs strongly for both cases implying that the effective Kondo temperature at the surface and bulk can be rather distinct. The greatly reduced crystal–electric-field (CEF) splitting at the surface gives reason to believe that the surface may exhibit a larger effective Kondo temperature because of a higher local-moment effective degeneracy. Further, the hybridization processes could strongly affect the 4f peak intensity at the Fermi level. We derived the k-resolved dispersion of the Kondo peak which is also found to be distinct due to different sets of itinerant bands to which the 4f states of surface and bulk Ce are coupled. Overall our study brings into reach the ultimate goal of quantitatively testing many-body theories that link spectroscopy and transport properties, for both the bulk and the surface, separately. It also allows for a direct insight into the broader problem of Kondo lattices with two different local-moment sublattices, providing some understanding of why the cross-talking between the two Kondo effects is weak.
Dynamics of graphene growth on a metal surface: A time-dependent photoemission study
2009, Grüneis, Alexander, Kummer, Kurt, Vyalikh, Denis V.
Applying time-dependent photoemission we unravel the graphene growth process on a metallic surface by chemical vapor deposition (CVD). Graphene CVD growth is in stark contrast to the standard growth process of two-dimensional films because it is self-limiting and stops as soon as a monolayer of graphene has been synthesized. Most importantly, a novel phase of metastable graphene was discovered that is characterized by permanent and simultaneous construction and deconstruction. The high quality and large area graphene flakes are characterized by angle-resolved photoemission, proving that they are indeed monolayer and cover the whole 1×1 cm Ni(111) substrate. These findings are of high relevance to the intensive search for reliable synthesis methods for large graphene flakes of controlled layer number.