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- ItemOn the interaction between oxygen, iron and sulfur in industrial glass melts(Offenbach : Verlag der Deutschen Glastechnischen Gesellschaft, 1994) Müller-Simon, HayoThe oxidation state of iron in industrially molten glasses has been investigated in the cold glass and related to the oxygen activity in the glass melt. The prediction of the oxidation state of iron in the cold glass from the measured oxygen activity in the glass melt is disturbed in such a way that in oxidized molten glasses the Fe²⁺ content and in amber glasses the Fe³⁺ content increase during cooling. This behavior can be explained by an interaction due to the oxidation reactions of sulfur known from the literature during cooling. The reaction constants result in electrochemical standard potentials which agree with voltammetric studies.
- ItemPractical strength of glass containers. Part 2. Influence of handling(Offenbach : Verlag der Deutschen Glastechnischen Gesellschaft, 1994) Wagner, Jörg; Müller-Simon, Hayo; Lenhart, ArminThe practical strength of container glass depends not only on the stress distribution at the surface, but also on the type and distribution of surface defects. After the elimination of the influence of the container shape by means of finite element methods, different types of defect show a different behaviour in the Weibull plot. This behaviour can be used to compare different handling materials. The materials used at the cold end cause no measurable weakening of the strength. A special type of defect could be associated with the transfer conveyour belt. Carbon and brass were compared as deadplate materials without finding a specific influence on the container strength.
- ItemPractical strength of glass containers : Part 1. Influence of the type of defect(Offenbach : Verlag der Deutschen Glastechnischen Gesellschaft, 1994) Müller-Simon, Hayo; Wagner, Jörg; Lenhart, ArminThe practical strength of container glass depends not only on the stress distribution at the surface, but also on the type and distribution of surface defects. After the elimination of the influence of the container shape by means of finite element methods, different types of defect show a different behaviour in the Weibull plot. Especially seeds and blisters are shown to be twice as dangerous as inhomogeneides caused by handling materials. The accuracy of the stress determination is limited, thus, an identification of different types of inhomogeneities from the Weibull plot is not possible under the present conditions.