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- ItemOn-line determination of the iron concentration in industrial amber glass melts(Offenbach : Verlag der Deutschen Glastechnischen Gesellschaft, 1995) Müller-Simon, Hayo; Mergler, Kurt WilhelmA sensor has been developed in order to measure the concentration of polyvalent elements on-hne in industrial glass melts. The sensor has been tested on iron in an amber glass melt. A method has been developed in order to determine the area of the measuring electrode, which can change due to glass level variation. The accuracy of the iron determination by means of the voltammetric sensor has been found half the accuracy of x-ray fluorescence analysis.
- ItemApplication of oxygen sensors in industrial glass melting tanks(Offenbach : Verlag der Deutschen Glastechnischen Gesellschaft, 1996) Baucke, Friedrich G. K.; Werner, Ralf D.; Müller-Simon, Hayo; Mergler, Kurt WilhelmΑ comparative study of electrochemical oxygen sensors for glass melts employing zirconia solid electrolytes developed by Schott Glaswerke and by the HVG is reported. The sensors applied in a feeder Channel of a melting tank producing green glass yielded slightly different but reproducible results despite different constructions. The zirconia reference electrodes achieved more than one year active lifetime at 1200°C. Their potentials directly compared over extended periods agreed within less than 3 mV. The potential differences of the platinum measuring electrodes were traced to temperature gradients. Newly installed platinum electrodes show "induction periods" caused by convectional and diffusional equilibration of adhering surface with bulk melt. Unexpected sudden oxygen inhomogeneities of the melt were detected and explained.
- ItemVoltammetric sensor for glass tanks(Offenbach : Verlag der Deutschen Glastechnischen Gesellschaft, 1992) Zink, Marianne; Rüssel, Christian; Müller-Simon, Hayo; Mergler, Kurt WilhelmVoltammetric methods formerly solely applied to laboratory experiments were used for measurements in a green glass tank. The applied experimental parameters had to be restricted to step times of 20 ms or more using square-wave voltammetry and frequencies of 35 s^-1 or lower using alternating current voltammetry. Within these limitations, the voltammetric sensor used was fairly suitable for these measurements. The adjustment of the electrode area, i.e. the dip-in length of the electrodes, could easily be controlled by conductivity measurements between the electrodes. The obtained voltammetric curves were fairly similar to those obtained from laboratory experiments and were predominantly affected by the iron concentration of the glass melt.