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Existence, numerical convergence, and evolutionary relaxation for a rate-independent phase-transformation model
2015, Heinz, Sebastian, Mielke, Alexander
We revisit the two-well model for phase transformation in a linearly elastic body introduced and studied in [MTL02]. This energetic rate-independent model is posed in terms of the elastic displacement and an internal variable that gives the phase portion of the second phase. We use a new approach based on mutual recovery sequences, which are adjusted to a suitable energy increment plus the associated dissipated energy and, thus, enable us to pass to the limit in the construction of energetic solutions. We give three distinct constructions of mutual recovery sequences which allow us (i) to generalize the existence result in [MTL02], (ii) to establish the convergence of suitable the evolutionary relaxation from the pure-state model to the relaxed mixture model. All these results rely on weak converge and involve the H-measure as an essential tool.
On microscopic origins of generalized gradient structures
2015, Liero, Matthias, Mielke, Alexander, Peletier, Mark A., Renger, D.R. Michiel
Classical gradient systems have a linear relation between rates and driving forces. In generalized gradient systems we allow for arbitrary relations derived from general non-quadratic dissipation potentials. This paper describes two natural origins for these structures. A first microscopic origin of generalized gradient structures is given by the theory of large-deviation principles. While Markovian diffusion processes lead to classical gradient structures, poissonian jump processes give rise to cosh-type dissipation potentials. A second origin arises via a new form of convergence, that we call EDP-convergence. Even when starting with classical gradient systems, where the dissipation potential is a quadratic functional of the rate, we may obtain a generalized gradient system in the evolutionary Gamma-limit. As examples we treat (i) the limit of a diffusion equation having a thin layer of low diffusivity, which leads to a membrane model, and (ii) the limit of diffusion over a high barrier, which gives a reaction-diffusion system.