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End date: 2019 × Start date: 2016 × DDC: 540 × Type: article × Publisher: Berlin : de Gruyter ×

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    Hybrid materials - past, present and future
    (Berlin : de Gruyter, 2014) Kickelbick, Guido
    Hybrid materials represent one of the most growing new material classes at the edge of technological innovations. Unique possibilities to create novel material properties by synergetic combination of inorganic and organic components on the molecular scale makes this materials class interesting for application-oriented research of chemists, physicists, and materials scientists. The modular approach for combination of properties by the selection of the best suited components opens new options for the generation of materials that are able to solve many technological problems. This review will show in selected examples how science and technological driven approaches can help to design better materials for future applications.
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    Ba3YRu0.73(2)Al1.27(2)O8 and Ba5Y2Ru1.52(2)Al1.47(2)O 13.5: New perovskite ruthenates with partial octahedra replacement
    (Berlin : de Gruyter, 2014) Schüpp-Niewa, Barbara; Shlyk, Larysa; Prots, Yurii; Krabbes, Gernot; Niewa, Rainer
    Dark red single crystals of the new phases Ba3YRu0.73(2)Al1.27(2)O8 and Ba5Y2Ru1.52(2)Al1.47(2)O13.5 have been grown from powder mixtures of BaCO3, Y2O3, Al2O3, and RuO2 . The compositions given in the formulas result from the refinements of the crystal structures based on single crystal X-ray diffraction data (hexagonal P63/mmc (No. 194), Z = 2, Ba3 YRu0.73(2)Al1.27(2)O8: a = 5.871(1), c = 14.633(3) Å , R1 = 0.035, wR2 = 0.069 and Ba5Y2Ru1.52(2)Al1.47(2)O13.5: a = 5.907(1), c = 24.556(5) Å, R1 = 0.057, wR2 = 0.114). Ba3YRu0.73(2)Al1.27(2)O8 crystallizes in a 6H perovskite structure, Ba5Y2Ru1.52(2)Al1.47(2)O13.5 has been characterized as a 10H Perovskite. Due to similar spatial extensions of (Ru2O9) facesharing pairs of octahedra and (Al2O7) vertex-sharing pairs of tetrahedra, both structures show partial mutual substitution of these units. Consequently, the title compounds may be written as Ba3Y(Ru2O9)1−x(Al2O7)x, x = 0.64(1) and Ba5Y2RuO6(Ru2O9)1−x(Al2O7)x, x = 0.74(1). This interpretation is supported by the results of electron probe microanalysis using wavelength-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. An oxidation state of Ru close to +5 for the (Ru2O9) units, as can be derived from the distances d(Ru-Ru), additionally leads to similar charges of both the (Ru2O9) and the (Al2O7) units.