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- ItemA general approach for all-visible-light switching of diarylethenes through triplet sensitization using semiconducting nanocrystals(London [u.a.] : RSC, 2022) Hou, Lili; Larsson, Wera; Hecht, Stefan; Andréasson, Joakim; Albinsson, BoCoupling semiconducting nanocrystals (NCs) with organic molecules provides an efficient route to generate and transfer triplet excitons. These excitons can be used to power photochemical transformations such as photoisomerization reactions using low energy radiation. Thus, it is desirable to develop a general approach that can efficiently be used to control photoswitches using all-visible-light aiming at future applications in life- and materials sciences. Here, we demonstrate a simple ‘cocktail’ strategy that can achieve all-visible-light switchable diarylethenes (DAEs) through triplet energy transfer from the hybrid of CdS NCs and phenanthrene-3-carboxylic acid, with high photoisomerization efficiency and improved fatigue resistance. The size-tunable excitation energies of CdS NCs make it possible to precisely match the clear spectral window of the relevant DAE photoswitch. We demonstrate reversible all-visible-light photoisomerization of a series of DAE derivatives both in the liquid and solid state, even in the presence of oxygen. Our general strategy is promising for fabrication of all-visible-light activated optoelectronic devices as well as memories, and should in principle be adaptable to photopharmacology.
- ItemGeneration of millijoule few-cycle pulses at 5 μm by indirect spectral shaping of the idler in an optical parametric chirped pulse amplifier(Washington, DC : Soc., 2018) Bock, Martin; Grafenstein, Lorenz von; Griebner, Uwe; Elsaesser, ThomasSpectral pulse shaping in a high-intensity midwave-infrared (MWIR) optical parametric chirped pulse amplifier (OPCPA) operating at 1 kHz repetition rate is reported. We successfully apply a MWIR spatial light modulator (SLM) for the generation of ultrashort idler pulses at 5 μm wavelength. Only bulk optics and active phase control of the 3.5 μm signal pulses via the SLM are employed for generating compressed idler pulses with a duration of 80 fs. The 80-fs pulse duration corresponds to less than five optical cycles at the central wavelength of 5.0 μm. The pulse energy amounts to 1.0 mJ, which translates into a peak power of 10 GW. The generated pulse parameters represent record values for high-intensity MWIR OPCPAs.
- ItemQuenching of material dependence in few-cycle driven electron acceleration from nanoparticles under many-particle charge interaction(London [u.a.] : Taylor & Francis, 2016-12-25) Rupp, Philipp; Seiffert, Lennart; Liu, Qingcao; Süßmann, Frederik; Ahn, Byungnam; Förg, Benjamin; Schäfer, Christian G.; Gallei, Markus; Mondes, Valerie; Kessel, Alexander; Trushin, Sergei; Graf, Christina; Rühl, Eckart; Lee, Jinwoo; Kim, Min Su; Kim, Dong Eon; Fennel, Thomas; Kling, Matthias F.; Zherebtsov, SergeyThe excitation of nanoscale near-fields with ultrashort and intense laser pulses of well-defined waveform enables strongly spatially and temporally localized electron emission, opening up the possibility for the generation of attosecond electron pulses. Here, we investigate the electron photoemission from isolated nanoparticles of different materials in few-cycle laser fields at intensities where the Coulomb field of the ionized electrons and residual ions significantly contribute to the electron acceleration process. The dependences of the electron cut-off energy on the material’s dielectric properties and electron binding energy are investigated systematically in both experiments and semi-classical simulations. We find that for sufficiently high near-field intensities the material dependence of the acceleration in the enhanced near-fields is quenched by many-particle charge-interaction.
- ItemOriented zinc oxide nanorods: A novel saturable absorber for lasers in the near-infrared(Frankfurt, M. : Beilstein-Institut zur Förderung der Chemischen Wissenschaften, 2018-10-23) Loiko, Pavel; Bora, Tanujjal; Serres, Josep Maria; Yu, Haohai; Aguiló, Magdalena; Díaz, Francesc; Griebner, Uwe; Petrov, Valentin; Mateos, Xavier; Dutta, JoydeepZinc oxide (ZnO) nanorods (NRs) oriented along the crystallographic [001] axis are grown by the hydrothermal method on glass substrates. The ZnO NRs exhibit a broadband (1–2 µm) near-IR absorption ascribed to the singly charged zinc vacancy VZn−1. The saturable absorption of the ZnO NRs is studied at ≈1 µm under picosecond excitation, revealing a low saturation intensity, ≈10 kW/cm2, and high fraction of the saturable losses. The ZnO NRs are applied as saturable absorbers in diode-pumped Yb (≈1.03 µm) and Tm (≈1.94 µm) lasers generating nanosecond pulses. The ZnO NRs grown on various optical surfaces are promising broadband saturable absorbers for nanosecond near-IR lasers in bulk and waveguide geometries.
- ItemFew-cycle 65-µJ pulses at 11.4 µm for ultrafast nonlinear longwave-infrared spectroscopy(Washington, DC : Optical Society of America, OSA, 2022) Fuertjes, Pia; Bock, Martin; Grafenstein, Lorenz von; Ueberschaer, Dennis; Griebner, Uwe; Elsaesser, ThomasLow-energy excitations can provide insight into the basic ultrafast nonequilibrium dynamics of condensed matter. High-energy femtosecond pulses in the long-wavelength infrared are required to induce such processes, and can be generated in an optical parametric chirped pulse amplification (OPCPA) system comprising three GaSe stages. A femtosecond Cr:ZnS laser serves as the front-end, providing the seed for the 2.0-µm pump and the 2.4-µm signal pulses without nonlinear conversion processes. The OPCPA system is pumped at 2.05 µm by a picosecond Ho:YLF regenerative amplifier at a 1-kHz repetition rate. The recompressed idler pulses at 11.4 µm have a duration of 185 fs and an unprecedented energy of 65 µJ, corresponding to a pump-to-idler conversion efficiency of 1.2%. Nonlinear transmission experiments in the range of the L2 infrared band of liquid water demonstrate the potential of the pulses for nonlinear vibrational spectroscopy of liquids and solids.
- ItemResolvent expansion for discrete non-Hermitian resonant systems [Invited](Washington, DC : Optica, 2022) Simonson, L.; Özdemir, S.K.; Busch, K.; El-Ganainy, R.The linear response of non-Hermitian resonant systems demonstrates various intriguing features such as the emergence of non-Lorentzian lineshapes. Recently, we have developed a systematic theory to understand the scattering lineshapes in such systems and, in doing so, established the connection with the input/output scattering channels. Here, we follow up on that work by presenting a different, more transparent derivation of the resolvent operator associated with a non-Hermitian system under general conditions and highlight the connection with the structure of the underlying eigenspace decomposition. Finally, we also present a simple solution to the problem of self-orthogonality associated with the left and right Jordan canonical vectors and show how the left basis can be constructed in a systematic fashion. Our work provides a unifying mathematical framework for studying non-Hermitian systems such as those implemented using dielectric cavities, metamaterials, and plasmonic resonators.
- ItemGenerating circularly polarized radiation in the extreme ultraviolet spectral range at the free-electron laser FLASH(Melville, NY : American Institute of Physics, 2017) von Korff Schmising, Clemens; Weder, David; Noll, Tino; Pfau, Bastian; Hennecke, Martin; Strüber, Christian; Radu, Ilie; Schneider, Michael; Staeck, Steffen; Günther, Christian M.; Lüning, Jan; Merhe, Alaa el dine; Buck, Jens; Hartmann, Gregor; Viefhaus, Jens; Treusch, Rolf; Eisebitt, StefanA new device for polarization control at the free electron laser facility FLASH1 at DESY has been commissioned for user operation. The polarizer is based on phase retardation upon reflection off metallic mirrors. Its performance is characterized in three independent measurements and confirms the theoretical predictions of efficient and broadband generation of circularly polarized radiation in the extreme ultraviolet spectral range from 35 eV to 90 eV. The degree of circular polarization reaches up to 90% while maintaining high total transmission values exceeding 30%. The simple design of the device allows straightforward alignment for user operation and rapid switching between left and right circularly polarized radiation.
- ItemA transportable Paul-trap for levitation and accurate positioning of micron-scale particles in vacuum for laser-plasma experiments(Melville, NY : American Institute of Physics, 2018) Ostermayr, T.M.; Gebhard, J.; Haffa, D.; Kiefer, D.; Kreuzer, C.; Allinger, K.; Bömer, C.; Braenzel, J.; Schnürer, M.; Cermak, I.; Schreiber, J.; Hilz, P.We report on a Paul-trap system with large access angles that allows positioning of fully isolated micrometer-scale particles with micrometer precision as targets in high-intensity laser-plasma interactions. This paper summarizes theoretical and experimental concepts of the apparatus as well as supporting measurements that were performed for the trapping process of single particles.