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- ItemAtomic processes in bicircular fields(Bristol : IOP Publ., 2016) Odžak, S.; Hasović, E.; Becker, W.; Milošević, D.B.We investigate laser-assisted electron-ion recombination (LAR), high-order harmonic generation (HHG) and above-threshold ionization (ATI) of argon atoms by a bicircular laser field, which consists of two coplanar counter-rotating circularly polarized fields of frequencies rω and sω. The energy of soft x rays generated in the LAR process is analyzed as a function of the incident electron angle and numerical results of direct recombination of electrons with Ar+ ions are presented. We also present the results of HHG by a bicircular field and confirm the selection rules derived earlier for inert-gas atoms in a p ground state. We show that the photoelectron spectra in the ATI process, presented in the momentum plane, as well as the LAR spectra exhibit the same discrete rotational symmetry as the applied field.
- ItemAttosecond time delays in C60 valence photoemissions at the giant plasmon(Bristol : IOP Publ., 2015) Barillot, T.; Magrakvelidze, M.; Loriot, V.; Bordas, C.; Hervieux, P.-A.; Gisselbrecht, M.; Johnsson, P.; Laksman, J.; Mansson, E.P.; Sorensen, S.; Canton, S.E.; Dahlström, J.M.; Dixit, G.; Madjet, M.E.; Lépine, F.; Chakraborty, H.S.We perform time-dependent local density functional calculations of the time delay in C60 HOMO and HOMO-1 photoionization at giant plasmon energies. A semiclassical model is used to develop further insights.
- ItemThe influence of the driving-bicircular-field component intensities on the helicities of emitted high-order harmonics(Bristol : IOP Publ., 2019) Milošević, D.B.High-order harmonics generated by a linearly polarized laser field are also linearly polarized. Having in mind that for various application, such as the exploration of magnetic materials, chiral molecules etc., we need circularly polarized high harmonics which serve as coherent soft x-rays, we explore high-order harmonic generation by the so-called bicircular laser field. This field consists of two coplanar counter-rotating circularly polarized fields of different frequencies equal to integer multiples of a fundamental frequency ω. High harmonics generated by such field are circularly polarized with helicity alternating between +1 and −1. Combining a group of such harmonics, instead of obtaining a circularly polarized attosecond pulse train, one obtains a pulse with unusual polarization properties. But, if the harmonics of particular helicity are stronger, i.e., if we have helicity asymmetry in a high-harmonic energy interval, then it is possible to generate an elliptical or even circular pulse train. We theoretically investigated a wide range of bicircular field-component intensities (I1 and I2) and found regions where both the harmonic intensity is high and the helicity asymmetry is large. Particular attention is devoted to the ω−2ω and ω−3ω bicircular fields and atoms having the s and p ground states. In our calculations we use strong-field approximation and quantum-orbit theory. We show that, even in the extreme case of I2 = 8I1, for an ω−3ω bicircular field, high-order harmonic generation is more efficient than in the I2 = I1 case. The obtained results are explained analyzing the relevant electron trajectories and velocities, which follow from the quantum-orbit theory. For the atoms having p ground state the helicity asymmetry parameter is large for a wide range of high-harmonic photon energies, while for the atoms having s ground state the helicity asymmetry parameter can be large only for low harmonics. We confirm this by averaging the obtained results over the intensity distribution in the laser focus.
- ItemKinematic origin for near-zero energy structures in mid-IR strong field ionization(Bristol : IOP Publ., 2016) Pisanty, Emilio; Ivanov, MishaWe propose and discuss a kinematic mechanism underlying the recently discovered 'near-zero energy structure' in the photoionization of atoms in strong mid-infrared laser fields, based on trajectories which revisit the ion at low velocities exactly analogous to the series responsible for low-energy structures. The different scaling of the new series, as $E\sim {I}_{p}^{2}/{U}_{p}$, suggests that the near-zero energy structure can be lifted to higher energies, where it can be better resolved and studied, using harder targets with higher ionization potential.
- ItemChiral dichroism in bi-elliptical high-order harmonic generation(Bristol : IOP Publ., 2018-02-28) Ayuso, David; Decleva, Piero; Patchkovskii, Serguei; Smirnova, OlgaThe application of strong bi-elliptically polarized laser fields to the generation of high-order harmonics in organic molecules offers exceptional opportunities for chiral recognition and chiral discrimination. These fields are made by combining an elliptically polarized fundamental, typically in the infrared range, with its counter-rotating second harmonic. Here we present a theoretical study of the harmonic emission from the chiral molecule propylene oxide in bi-elliptical fields. Our calculations include, for the first time in such a complex system, accurate photorecomination matrix elements, evaluated using the static-exchange density functional theory method. We show that bi-elliptical light can induce strong chiral dichroism in the harmonic spectra of chiral molecules in a broad range of harmonic numbers and ellipticities.
- ItemPhase- and intensity-resolved measurements of above threshold ionization by few-cycle pulses(Bristol : IOP Publ., 2018-06-11) Kübel, M.; Arbeiter, M.; Burger, C.; Kling, Nora G.; Pischke, T.; Moshammer, R.; Fennel, T.; Kling, M.F.; Bergues, B.We investigate the carrier-envelope phase (CEP) and intensity dependence of the longitudinal momentum distribution of photoelectrons resulting from above threshold ionization of argon by few-cycle laser pulses. The intensity of the pulses with a center wavelength of 750 nm is varied in a range between 0.7 × 1014 and . Our measurements reveal a prominent maximum in the CEP-dependent asymmetry at photoelectron energies of 2 U P (U P being the ponderomotive potential), that is persistent over the entire intensity range. Further local maxima are observed around 0.3 and 0.8 U P. The experimental results are in good agreement with theoretical results obtained by solving the three-dimensional time-dependent Schrödinger equation. We show that for few-cycle pulses, the amplitude of the CEP-dependent asymmetry provides a reliable measure for the peak intensity on target. Moreover, the measured asymmetry amplitude exhibits an intensity-dependent interference structure at low photoelectron energy, which could be used to benchmark model potentials for complex atoms.
- ItemSpatio-temporal characterisation of a 100 kHz 24 W sub-3-cycle NOPCPA laser system(Bristol : IOP Publ., 2018-02-26) Witting, Tobias; Furch, Federico J.; Vrakking, Marc J.J.In recent years, OPCPA and NOPCPA laser systems have shown the potential to supersede Ti:sapphire plus post-compression based laser systems to drive next generation attosecond light sources via direct amplification of few-cycle pulses to high pulse energies at high repetition rates. In this paper, we present a sub 3-cycle, 100 kHz, 24 W NOPA laser system and characterise its spatio-temporal properties using the SEA-F-SPIDER technique. Our results underline the importance of spatio-temporal diagnostics for these emerging laser systems.
- ItemCorrelated electronic decay following intense near-infrared ionization of clusters(Bristol : IOP Publ., 2015) Schütte, Bernd; Arbeiter, Mathias; Fennel, Thomas; Jabbari, Ghazal; Kuleff, Alexander I.; Vrakking, Marc J. J.; Rouzée, ArnaudWe report on a novel correlated electronic decay process following extensive Rydberg atom formation in clusters ionized by intense near-infrared fields. A peak close to the atomic ionization potential is found in the electron kinetic energy spectrum. This new contribution is attributed to an energy transfer between two electrons, where one electron decays from a Rydberg state to the ground state and transfers its excess energy to a weakly bound cluster electron in the environment that can escape from the cluster. The process is a result of nanoplasma formation and is therefore expected to be important, whenever intense laser pulses interact with nanometer-sized particles.
- ItemControllable Laser Ion Acceleration(Bristol : IOP Publ., 2016) Kawata, S.; Kamiyama, D.; Ohtake, Y.; Takano, M.; Barada, D.; Kong, Q.; Wang, P.X.; Gu, Y.J.; Wang, W.M.; Limpouch, J.; Andreev, A.; Bulanov, S.V.; Sheng, Z.M.; Klimo, O.; Psikal, J.; Ma, Y.Y.; Li, X.F.; Yu, Q.S.In this paper a future laser ion accelerator is discussed to make the laser-based ion accelerator compact and controllable. Especially a collimation device is focused in this paper. The future laser ion accelerator should have an ion source, ion collimators, ion beam bunchers, and ion post acceleration devices [Laser Therapy 22, 103(2013)]: the ion particle energy and the ion energy spectrum are controlled to meet requirements for a future compact laser ion accelerator for ion cancer therapy or for other purposes. The energy efficiency from the laser to ions is improved by using a solid target with a fine sub-wavelength structure or a near-critical density gas plasma. The ion beam collimation is performed by holes behind the solid target or a multi-layered solid target. The control of the ion energy spectrum and the ion particle energy, and the ion beam bunching would be successfully realized by a multistage laser-target interaction.
- ItemR-matrix calculations of electron impact electronic excitation of BeH(Bristol : IOP Publ., 2017-08-08) Darby-Lewis, Daniel; Mašín, Zdeněk; Tennyson, JonathanThe R-matrix method is used to perform high-level calculations of electron collisions with beryllium mono-hydride at its equilibrium geometry with a particular emphasis on electron impact electronic excitation. Several target and scattering models are considered. The calculations were performed using (1) the UKRMol suite which relies on the use of Gaussian type orbitals (GTOs) to represent the continuum and (2) using the new UKRMol+ suite which allows the inclusion of B-spline type orbitals in the basis for the continuum. The final close-coupling scattering models used the UKRMol+ code and a frozen core, valence full configuration interaction, method based on a diffuse GTO atomic basis set. The calculated electronic properties of the molecule are in very good agreement with state-of-the-art electronic structure calculations. The use of the UKRMol+ suite proved critical since it allowed the use of a large R-matrix sphere (35 Bohr), necessary to contain the diffuse electronic states of the molecule. The corresponding calculations using UKRMol are not possible due to numerical problems associated with the combination of GTO-only continuum and a large R-matrix sphere. This work provides the first demonstration of the utility and numerical stability of the new UKRMol+ code. The inelastic cross sections obtained here present a significant improvement over the results of earlier studies on BeH.