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- ItemAzapeptide activity-based probes for the SARS-CoV-2 main protease enable visualization of inhibition in infected cells(Cambridge : RSC, 2023) Vanhoutte, Roeland; Barniol-Xicota, Marta; Chiu, Winston; Vangeel, Laura; Jochmans, Dirk; De Jonghe, Steven; Zidane, Hadeer; Barr, Haim M.; London, Nir; Neyts, Johan; Verhelst, Steven H. L.The COVID-19 pandemic has revealed the vulnerability of the modern, global society. With expected waves of future infections by SARS-CoV-2, treatment options for infected individuals will be crucial in order to decrease mortality and hospitalizations. The SARS-CoV-2 main protease is a validated drug target, for which the first inhibitor has been approved for use in patients. To facilitate future work on this drug target, we designed a solid-phase synthesis route towards azapeptide activity-based probes that are capped with a cysteine-reactive electrophile for covalent modification of the active site of Mpro. This design led to the most potent ABP for Mpro and one of the most potent inhibitors reported thus far. We demonstrate that this ABP can be used to visualize Mpro activity and target engagement by drugs in infected cells.
- ItemGeneral and selective synthesis of primary amines using Ni-based homogeneous catalysts(Cambridge : RSC, 2020) Murugesan, Kathiravan; Wei, Zhihong; Chandrashekhar, Vishwas G.; Jiao, Haijun; Beller, Matthias; Jagadeesh, Rajenahally V.The development of base metal catalysts for industrially relevant amination and hydrogenation reactions by applying abundant and atom economical reagents continues to be important for the cost-effective and sustainable synthesis of amines which represent highly essential chemicals. In particular, the synthesis of primary amines is of central importance because these compounds serve as key precursors and central intermediates to produce value-added fine and bulk chemicals as well as pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals and materials. Here we report a Ni-triphos complex as the first Ni-based homogeneous catalyst for both reductive amination of carbonyl compounds with ammonia and hydrogenation of nitroarenes to prepare all kinds of primary amines. Remarkably, this Ni-complex enabled the synthesis of functionalized and structurally diverse benzylic, heterocyclic and aliphatic linear and branched primary amines as well as aromatic primary amines starting from inexpensive and easily accessible carbonyl compounds (aldehydes and ketones) and nitroarenes using ammonia and molecular hydrogen. This Ni-catalyzed reductive amination methodology has been applied for the amination of more complex pharmaceuticals and steroid derivatives. Detailed DFT computations have been performed for the Ni-triphos based reductive amination reaction, and they revealed that the overall reaction has an inner-sphere mechanism with H2metathesis as the rate-determining step. © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2020.
- ItemUltra-small cobalt nanoparticles from molecularly-defined Co-salen complexes for catalytic synthesis of amines(Cambridge : RSC, 2020) Senthamarai, Thirusangumurugan; Chandrashekhar, Vishwas G.; Gawande, Manoj B.; Kalevaru, Narayana V.; Zbořil, Radek; Kamer, Paul C.J.; Jagadeesh, Rajenahally V.; Beller, MatthiasWe report the synthesis of in situ generated cobalt nanoparticles from molecularly defined complexes as efficient and selective catalysts for reductive amination reactions. In the presence of ammonia and hydrogen, cobalt-salen complexes such as cobalt(ii)-N,N′-bis(salicylidene)-1,2-phenylenediamine produce ultra-small (2-4 nm) cobalt-nanoparticles embedded in a carbon-nitrogen framework. The resulting materials constitute stable, reusable and magnetically separable catalysts, which enable the synthesis of linear and branched benzylic, heterocyclic and aliphatic primary amines from carbonyl compounds and ammonia. The isolated nanoparticles also represent excellent catalysts for the synthesis of primary, secondary as well as tertiary amines including biologically relevant N-methyl amines. This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry.
- ItemHollow Au@TiO2 porous electrospun nanofibers for catalytic applications(Cambridge : RSC, 2020) Kumar, Labeesh; Singh, Sajan; Horechyy, Andriy; Formanek, Petr; Hübner, René; Albrecht, Victoria; Weißpflog, Janek; Schwarz, Simona; Puneet, Puhup; Nandan, BhanuCatalytically active porous and hollow titania nanofibers encapsulating gold nanoparticles were fabricated using a combination of sol-gel chemistry and coaxial electrospinning technique. We report the fabrication of catalytically active porous and hollow titania nanofibers encapsulating gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) using a combination of sol-gel chemistry and coaxial electrospinning technique. The coaxial electrospinning involved the use of a mixture of poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) and titania sol as the shell forming component, whereas a mixture of poly(4-vinyl pyridine) (P4VP) and pre-synthesized AuNPs constituted the core forming component. The core-shell nanofibers were calcined stepwise up to 600 °C which resulted in decomposition and removal of the organic constituents of the nanofibers. This led to the formation of porous and hollow titania nanofibers, where the catalytic AuNPs were embedded in the inner wall of the titania shell. The catalytic activity of the prepared Au@TiO2 porous nanofibers was investigated using a model reaction of catalytic reduction of 4-nitrophenol and Congo red dye in the presence of NaBH4. The Au@TiO2 porous and hollow nanofibers exhibited excellent catalytic activity and recyclability, and the morphology of the nanofibers remained intact after repeated usage. The presented approach could be a promising route for immobilizing various nanosized catalysts in hollow titania supports for the design of stable catalytic systems where the added photocatalytic activity of titania could further be of significance. This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry.