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- ItemCross-Hemisphere Study Reveals Geographically Ubiquitous, Plastic-Specific Bacteria Emerging from the Rare and Unexplored Biosphere(Washington, DC : American Society for Microbiology, 2021) Scales, Brittan S.; Cable, Rachel N.; Duhaime, Melissa B.; Gerdts, Gunnar; Fischer, Franziska; Fischer, Dieter; Mothes, Stephanie; Hintzki, Lisa; Moldaenke, Lynn; Ruwe, Matthias; Kalinowski, Jörn; Kreikemeyer, Bernd; Pedrotti, Maria-Luiza; Gorsky, Gaby; Elineau, Amanda; Labrenz, Matthias; Oberbeckmann, Sonja; Campbell, Barbara J.While it is now appreciated that the millions of tons of plastic pollution travelling through marine systems carry complex communities of microorganisms, it is still unknown to what extent these biofilm communities are specific to the plastic or selected by the surrounding ecosystem. To address this, we characterized and compared the microbial communities of microplastic particles, nonplastic (natural and wax) particles, and the surrounding waters from three marine ecosystems (the Baltic, Sargasso and Mediterranean seas) using high-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing. We found that biofilm communities on microplastic and nonplastic particles were highly similar to one another across this broad geographical range. The similar temperature and salinity profiles of the Sargasso and Mediterranean seas, compared to the Baltic Sea, were reflected in the biofilm communities. We identified plastic-specific operational taxonomic units (OTUs) that were not detected on nonplastic particles or in the surrounding waters. Twenty-six of the plastic-specific OTUs were geographically ubiquitous across all sampled locations. These geographically ubiquitous plastic-specific OTUs were mostly low-abundance members of their biofilm communities and often represented uncultured members of marine ecosystems. These results demonstrate the potential for plastics to be a reservoir of rare and understudied microbes, thus warranting further investigations into the dynamics and role of these microbes in marine ecosystems.
- ItemDraft Genome Sequence of a New Oscillospiraceae Bacterium Isolated from Anaerobic Digestion of Biomass(Washington, DC : American Society for Microbiology, 2020) Pascual, Javier; Hahnke, Sarah; Abendroth, Christian; Langer, Thomas; Ramm, Patrice; Klocke, Michael; Luschnig, Olaf; Porcar, ManuelHere, we present the genome sequence and annotation of the novel bacterial strain HV4-5-C5C, which may represent a new genus within the family Oscillospiraceae (order Eubacteriales). This strain is a potential keystone species in the hydrolysis of complex polymers during anaerobic digestion of biomass. © 2020 Pascual et al.
- ItemComplete genome sequence of a new clostridium sp. isolated from anaerobic digestion and biomethanation(Washington, DC : American Society for Microbiology, 2020) Hahnke, Sarah; Abendroth, Christian; Pascual, Javier; Langer, Thomas; Ramm, Patrice; Klocke, Michael; Luschnig, Olaf; Porcar, ManuelHere, we present the genome sequence and annotation of the bacterial strain HV4-5-A1G, a potentially new Clostridium species. Based on its genomic data, this strain may act as a keystone microorganism in the hydrolysis of complex polymers, as well as in the different acidogenesis and acetogenesis steps during anaerobic digestion. © 2020 Hahnke et al.
- ItemProtein Microarray-Guided Development of a Highly Sensitive and Specific Dipstick Assay for Glanders Serodiagnostics(Washington, DC : American Society for Microbiology, 2022) Wagner, Gabriel E.; Berner, Andreas; Lipp, Michaela; Kohler, Christian; Assig, Karoline; Lichtenegger, Sabine; Saqib, Muhammad; Müller, Elke; Trinh, Trung T.; Gad, Anne-Marie; Söffing, Hans Hermann; Ehricht, Ralf; Laroucau, Karine; Steinmetz, IvoBurkholderia mallei, the causative agent of glanders, is a clonal descendant of Burkholderia pseudomallei, the causative agent of melioidosis, which has lost its environmental reservoir and has a restricted host range. Despite limitations in terms of sensitivity and specificity, complement fixation is still the official diagnostic test for glanders. Therefore, new tools are needed for diagnostics and to study the B. mallei epidemiology. We recently developed a highly sensitive serodiagnostic microarray test for human melioidosis based on the multiplex detection of B. pseudomallei proteins. In this study, we modified our array tests by using anti-horse IgG conjugate and tested sera from B. mallei-infected horses (n = 30), negative controls (n = 39), and horses infected with other pathogens (n = 14). Our array results show a sensitivity of 96.7% (confidence interval [CI] 85.5 to 99.6%) and a specificity of 100.0% (CI, 95.4 to 100.0%). The reactivity pattern of the positive sera on our array test allowed us to identify a set of 12 highly reactive proteins of interest for glanders diagnosis. The B. mallei variants of the three best protein candidates were selected for the development of a novel dipstick assay. Our point-of-care test detected glanders cases in less than 15 min with a sensitivity of 90.0% (CI, 75.7 to 97.1%) and a specificity of 100.0% (CI, 95.4 to 100.0%). The microarray and dipstick can easily be adopted for the diagnosis of both B. mallei and B. pseudomallei infections in different animals. Future studies will show whether multiplex serological testing has the potential to differentiate between these pathogens.
- ItemFunction-Based Rhizosphere Assembly along a Gradient of Desiccation in the Former Aral Sea(Washington, DC : American Society for Microbiology, 2022) Wicaksono, Wisnu Adi; Egamberdieva, Dilfuza; Berg, Christian; Mora, Maximilian; Kusstatscher, Peter; Cernava, Tomislav; Berg, GabrieleThe desiccation of the Aral Sea represents one of the largest human-made environmental regional disasters. The salt- and toxin-enriched dried-out basin provides a natural laboratory for studying ecosystem functioning and rhizosphere assembly under extreme anthropogenic conditions. Here, we investigated the prokaryotic rhizosphere communities of the native pioneer plant Suaeda acuminata (C.A.Mey.) Moq. in comparison to bulk soil across a gradient of desiccation (5, 10, and 40 years) by metagenome and amplicon sequencing combined with quantitative PCR (qPCR) analyses. The rhizosphere effect was evident due to significantly higher bacterial abundances but less diversity in the rhizosphere compared to bulk soil. Interestingly, in the highest salinity (5 years of desiccation), rhizosphere functions were mainly provided by archaeal communities. Along the desiccation gradient, we observed a significant change in the rhizosphere microbiota, which was reflected by (i) a decreasing archaeon-bacterium ratio, (ii) replacement of halophilic archaea by specific plant-associated bacteria, i.e., Alphaproteobacteria and Actinobacteria, and (iii) an adaptation of specific, potentially plant-beneficial biosynthetic pathways. In general, both bacteria and archaea were found to be involved in carbon cycling and fixation, as well as methane and nitrogen metabolism. Analysis of metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) showed specific signatures for production of osmoprotectants, assimilatory nitrate reduction, and transport system induction. Our results provide evidence that rhizosphere assembly by cofiltering specific taxa with distinct traits is a mechanism which allows plants to thrive under extreme conditions. Overall, our findings highlight a function-based rhizosphere assembly, the importance of plant-microbe interactions in salinated soils, and their exploitation potential for ecosystem restoration approaches.
- ItemComplete genome sequence of a new Bacteroidaceae bacterium isolated from anaerobic biomass digestion(Washington, DC : American Society for Microbiology, 2020) Hahnke, Sarah; Abendroth, Christian; Pascual, Javier; Langer, Thomas; Codoñer, Francisco M.; Ramm, Patrice; Klocke, Michael; Luschnig, Olaf; Porcare, ManuelHere, we present the genome sequence and annotation of HV4-6-C5C, a bacterial strain isolated from a mesophilic two-stage laboratory-scale leach bed biogas reactor system. Strain HV4-6-C5C may represent a new genus of the family Bacteroidaceae and may have a key role in acidogenesis and acetogenesis steps during anaerobic biomass digestion. © 2019 Hahnke et al.