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- ItemA Data-Driven Approach for Analyzing Healthcare Services Extracted from Clinical Records(Piscataway, NJ : IEEE, 2020) Scurti, Manuel; Menasalvas-Ruiz, Ernestina; Vidal, Maria-Esther; Torrente, Maria; Vogiatzis, Dimitrios; Paliouras, George; Provencio, Mariano; Rodríguez-González, Alejandro; Seco de Herrera, Alba García; Rodríguez González, Alejandro; Santosh, K.C.; Temesgen, Zelalem; Soda, PaoloCancer remains one of the major public health challenges worldwide. After cardiovascular diseases, cancer is one of the first causes of death and morbidity in Europe, with more than 4 million new cases and 1.9 million deaths per year. The suboptimal management of cancer patients during treatment and subsequent follows up are major obstacles in achieving better outcomes of the patients and especially regarding cost and quality of life In this paper, we present an initial data-driven approach to analyze the resources and services that are used more frequently by lung-cancer patients with the aim of identifying where the care process can be improved by paying a special attention on services before diagnosis to being able to identify possible lung-cancer patients before they are diagnosed and by reducing the length of stay in the hospital. Our approach has been built by analyzing the clinical notes of those oncological patients to extract this information and their relationships with other variables of the patient. Although the approach shown in this manuscript is very preliminary, it shows that quite interesting outcomes can be derived from further analysis. © 2020 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works.
- ItemEasy Semantification of Bioassays(Heidelberg : Springer, 2022) Anteghini, Marco; D’Souza, Jennifer; dos Santos, Vitor A. P. Martins; Auer, SörenBiological data and knowledge bases increasingly rely on Semantic Web technologies and the use of knowledge graphs for data integration, retrieval and federated queries. We propose a solution for automatically semantifying biological assays. Our solution contrasts the problem of automated semantification as labeling versus clustering where the two methods are on opposite ends of the method complexity spectrum. Characteristically modeling our problem, we find the clustering solution significantly outperforms a deep neural network state-of-the-art labeling approach. This novel contribution is based on two factors: 1) a learning objective closely modeled after the data outperforms an alternative approach with sophisticated semantic modeling; 2) automatically semantifying biological assays achieves a high performance F1 of nearly 83%, which to our knowledge is the first reported standardized evaluation of the task offering a strong benchmark model.
- ItemAccessibility and Personalization in OpenCourseWare : An Inclusive Development Approach(Piscataway, NJ : IEEE, 2020) Elias, Mirette; Ruckhaus, Edna; Draffan, E.A.; James, Abi; Suárez-Figueroa, Mari Carmen; Lohmann, Steffen; Khiat, Abderrahmane; Auer, Sören; Chang, Maiga; Sampson, Demetrios G.; Huang, Ronghuai; Hooshyar, Danial; Chen, Nian-Shing; Kinshuk; Pedaste, MargusOpenCourseWare (OCW) has become a desirable source for sharing free educational resources which means there will always be users with differing needs. It is therefore the responsibility of OCW platform developers to consider accessibility as one of their prioritized requirements to ensure ease of use for all, including those with disabilities. However, the main challenge when creating an accessible platform is the ability to address all the different types of barriers that might affect those with a wide range of physical, sensory and cognitive impairments. This article discusses accessibility and personalization strategies and their realisation in the SlideWiki platform, in order to facilitate the development of accessible OCW. Previously, accessibility was seen as a complementary feature that can be tackled in the implementation phase. However, a meaningful integration of accessibility features requires thoughtful consideration during all project phases with active involvement of related stakeholders. The evaluation results and lessons learned from the SlideWiki development process have the potential to assist in the development of other systems that aim for an inclusive approach. © 2020 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works.
- ItemExtracting Topics from Open Educational Resources(Ithaca, NY : Cornell University, 2020) Molavi, Mohammadreza; Tavakoli, Mohammadreza; Kismihók, GáborIn recent years, Open Educational Resources (OERs) were earmarked as critical when mitigating the increasing need for education globally. Obviously, OERs have high-potential to satisfy learners in many different circumstances, as they are available in a wide range of contexts. However, the low-quality of OER metadata, in general, is one of the main reasons behind the lack of personalised services such as search and recommendation. As a result, the applicability of OERs remains limited. Nevertheless, OER metadata about covered topics (subjects) is essentially required by learners to build effective learning pathways towards their individual learning objectives. Therefore, in this paper, we report on a work in progress project proposing an OER topic extraction approach, applying text mining techniques, to generate high-quality OER metadata about topic distribution. This is done by: 1) collecting 123 lectures from Coursera and Khan Academy in the area of data science related skills, 2) applying Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) on the collected resources in order to extract existing topics related to these skills, and 3) defining topic distributions covered by a particular OER. To evaluate our model, we used the data-set of educational resources from Youtube, and compared our topic distribution results with their manually defined target topics with the help of 3 experts in the area of data science. As a result, our model extracted topics with 79% of F1-score.
- ItemQuality evaluation of open educational resources(Cham : Springer, 2020) Elias, Mirette; Oelen, Allard; Tavakoli, Mohammadreza; Kismihok, Gábor; Auer, Sören; Alario-Hoyos, Carlos; Rodríguez-Triana, María Jesús; Scheffel, Maren; Arnedillo-Sánchez, Inmaculada; Dennerlein, Sebastian MaximilianOpen Educational Resources (OER) are free and open-licensed educational materials widely used for learning. OER quality assessment has become essential to support learners and teachers in finding high-quality OERs, and to enable online learning repositories to improve their OERs. In this work, we establish a set of evaluation metrics that assess OER quality in OER authoring tools. These metrics provide guidance to OER content authors to create high-quality content. The metrics were implemented and evaluated within SlideWiki, a collaborative OpenCourseWare platform that provides educational materials in presentation slides format. To evaluate the relevance of the metrics, a questionnaire is conducted among OER expert users. The evaluation results indicate that the metrics address relevant quality aspects and can be used to determine the overall OER quality.
- ItemRequirements Analysis for an Open Research Knowledge Graph(Berlin ; Heidelberg : Springer, 2020) Brack, Arthur; Hoppe, Anett; Stocker, Markus; Auer, Sören; Ewerth, Ralph; Hall, Mark; Merčun, Tanja; Risse, Thomas; Duchateau, FabienCurrent science communication has a number of drawbacks and bottlenecks which have been subject of discussion lately: Among others, the rising number of published articles makes it nearly impossible to get a full overview of the state of the art in a certain field, or reproducibility is hampered by fixed-length, document-based publications which normally cannot cover all details of a research work. Recently, several initiatives have proposed knowledge graphs (KGs) for organising scientific information as a solution to many of the current issues. The focus of these proposals is, however, usually restricted to very specific use cases. In this paper, we aim to transcend this limited perspective by presenting a comprehensive analysis of requirements for an Open Research Knowledge Graph (ORKG) by (a) collecting daily core tasks of a scientist, (b) establishing their consequential requirements for a KG-based system, (c) identifying overlaps and specificities, and their coverage in current solutions. As a result, we map necessary and desirable requirements for successful KG-based science communication, derive implications and outline possible solutions.
- ItemUsing Learning Analytics to Identify Student Learning Profiles for Software Development Courses(New York, NY : Association for Computing Machinery, 2023) Söchtig, Philipp; Apel, Sebastian; Windisch, Hans-Michael; Mottok, JürgenOften lecturers encounter the problem of not knowing how students use the course materials during a semester. In our approach we devised a web-based system that presents all learning materials in a digital format, allowing us to record student learning activities. The recorded usage data enabled extensive analyses of student learning behaviour which can support lecturers with improving the materials as well as understanding students’ learning material preferences and learning profiles, which can be composed by combining different usage modes depending on the material used. For the lectures we analysed, a higher success in the exam can be correlated to higher usage of the learning material according to our research data. Furthermore, student preferences regarding the form of presentation (f.e. slides over videos) could also be seen.
- ItemA Recommender System For Open Educational Videos Based On Skill Requirements(Ithaca, NY : Cornell University, 2020) Tavakoli, Mohammadreza; Hakimov, Sherzod; Ewerth, Ralph; Kismihók, GáborIn this paper, we suggest a novel method to help learners find relevant open educational videos to master skills demanded on the labour market. We have built a prototype, which 1) applies text classification and text mining methods on job vacancy announcements to match jobs and their required skills; 2) predicts the quality of videos; and 3) creates an open educational video recommender system to suggest personalized learning content to learners. For the first evaluation of this prototype we focused on the area of data science related jobs. Our prototype was evaluated by in-depth, semi-structured interviews. 15 subject matter experts provided feedback to assess how our recommender prototype performs in terms of its objectives, logic, and contribution to learning. More than 250 videos were recommended, and 82.8% of these recommendations were treated as useful by the interviewees. Moreover, interviews revealed that our personalized video recommender system, has the potential to improve the learning experience.
- ItemClustering Semantic Predicates in the Open Research Knowledge Graph(Heidelberg : Springer, 2022) Arab Oghli, Omar; D’Souza, Jennifer; Auer, SörenWhen semantically describing knowledge graphs (KGs), users have to make a critical choice of a vocabulary (i.e. predicates and resources). The success of KG building is determined by the convergence of shared vocabularies so that meaning can be established. The typical lifecycle for a new KG construction can be defined as follows: nascent phases of graph construction experience terminology divergence, while later phases of graph construction experience terminology convergence and reuse. In this paper, we describe our approach tailoring two AI-based clustering algorithms for recommending predicates (in RDF statements) about resources in the Open Research Knowledge Graph (ORKG) https://orkg.org/. Such a service to recommend existing predicates to semantify new incoming data of scholarly publications is of paramount importance for fostering terminology convergence in the ORKG. Our experiments show very promising results: a high precision with relatively high recall in linear runtime performance. Furthermore, this work offers novel insights into the predicate groups that automatically accrue loosely as generic semantification patterns for semantification of scholarly knowledge spanning 44 research fields.
- ItemSDM-RDFizer: An RML Interpreter for the Efficient Creation of RDF Knowledge Graphs(New York City, NY : Association for Computing Machinery, 2020) Iglesias, Enrique; Jozashoori, Samaneh; Chaves-Fraga, David; Collarana, Diego; Vidal, Maria-EstherIn recent years, the amount of data has increased exponentially, and knowledge graphs have gained attention as data structures to integrate data and knowledge harvested from myriad data sources. However, data complexity issues like large volume, high-duplicate rate, and heterogeneity usually characterize these data sources, being required data management tools able to address the negative impact of these issues on the knowledge graph creation process. In this paper, we propose the SDM-RDFizer, an interpreter of the RDF Mapping Language (RML), to transform raw data in various formats into an RDF knowledge graph. SDM-RDFizer implements novel algorithms to execute the logical operators between mappings in RML, allowing thus to scale up to complex scenarios where data is not only broad but has a high-duplication rate. We empirically evaluate the SDM-RDFizer performance against diverse testbeds with diverse configurations of data volume, duplicates, and heterogeneity. The observed results indicate that SDM-RDFizer is two orders of magnitude faster than state of the art, thus, meaning that SDM-RDFizer an interoperable and scalable solution for knowledge graph creation. SDM-RDFizer is publicly available as a resource through a Github repository and a DOI.