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DDC: 020 × Publisher: Aachen, Germany : RWTH Aachen × Subject: Konferenzschrift ×

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Now showing 1 - 10 of 13
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    zbMATH Open: API Solutions and Research Challenges
    (Aachen, Germany : RWTH Aachen, 2021) Petrera, Matteo; Trautwein, Dennis; Beckenbach, Isabel; Ehsani, Dariush; Müller, Fabian; Teschke, Olaf; Gipp, Bela; Schubotz, Moritz; Balke, Wolf-Tilo; de Waard, Anita; Fu, Yuanxi; Hua, Bolin; Schneider, Jodi; Song, Ningyuan; Wang, Xiaoguang
    We present zbMATH Open, the most comprehensive collection of reviews and bibliographic metadata of scholarly literature in mathematics. Besides our website zbMATH.org which is openly accessible since the beginning of this year, we provide API endpoints to offer our data. APIs improve interoperability with others, i.e., digital libraries, and allow using our data for research purposes. In this article, we (1) illustrate the current and future overview of the services offered by zbMATH; (2) present the initial version of the zbMATH links API; (3) analyze potentials and limitations of the links API based on the example of the NIST Digital Library of Mathematical Functions; (4) and finally, present thezbMATHOpen dataset as a research resource and discuss connected open research problems.
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    DDB-KG: The German Bibliographic Heritage in a Knowledge Graph
    (Aachen, Germany : RWTH Aachen, 2021) Tan, Mary Ann; Tietz, Tabea; Bruns, Oleksandra; Oppenlaender, Jonas; Dessì, Danilo; Harald, Sack; Sumikawa, Yasunobu; Ikejiri, Ryohei; Doucet, Antoine; Pfanzelter, Eva; Hasanuzzaman, Mohammed; Dias, Gaël; Milligan, Ian; Jatowt, Adam
    Under the German government’s initiative “NEUSTART Kultur”, the German Digital Library or Deutsche Digitale Bibliothek (DDB) is undergoing improvements to enhance user-experience. As an initial step, emphasis is placed on creating a knowledge graph from the bibliographic record collection of the DDB. This paper discusses the challenges facing the DDB in terms of retrieval and the solutions in addressing them. In particular, limitations of the current data model or ontology to represent bibliographic metadata is analyzed through concrete examples. This study presents the complete ontological mapping from DDB-Europeana Data Model (DDB-EDM) to FaBiO, and a prototype of the DDB-KG made available as a SPARQL endpoint. The suitabiliy of the target ontology is demonstrated with SPARQL queries formulated from competency questions.
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    Toward a Comparison Framework for Interactive Ontology Enrichment Methodologies
    (Aachen, Germany : RWTH Aachen, 2022) Vrolijk, Jarno; Reklos, Ioannis; Vafaie, Mahsa; Massari, Arcangelo; Mohammadi, Maryam; Rudolph, Sebastian; Fu, Bo; Lambrix, Patrick; Pesquita, Catia
    The growing demand for well-modeled ontologies in diverse application areas increases the need for intuitive interaction techniques that support human domain experts in ontology modeling and enrichment tasks, such that quality expectations are met. Beyond the correctness of the specified information, the quality of an ontology depends on its (relative) completeness, i.e., whether the ontology contains all the necessary information to draw expected inferences. On an abstract level, the Ontology Enrichment problem consists of identifying and filling the gap between information that can be logically inferred from the ontology and the information expected to be inferable by the user. To this end, numerous approaches have been described in the literature, providing methodologies from the fields of Formal Semantics and Automated Reasoning targeted at eliciting knowledge from human domain experts. These approaches vary greatly in many aspects and their applicability typically depends on the specifics of the concrete modeling scenario at hand. Toward a better understanding of the landscape of methodological possibilities, this position paper proposes a framework consisting of multiple performance dimensions along which existing and future approaches to interactive ontology enrichment can be characterized. We apply our categorization scheme to a selection of methodologies from the literature. In light of this comparison, we address the limitations of the methods and propose directions for future work.
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    Towards a Representation of Temporal Data in Archival Records: Use Cases and Requirements
    (Aachen, Germany : RWTH Aachen, 2021) Bruns, Oleksandra; Tietz, Tabea; Vafaie, Mahsa; Dessì, Danilo; Sack, Harald; Lopes, Carla Teixeira; Ribeiro, Cristina; Niccolucci, Franco; Rodrigues, Irene; Freire, Nuno
    Archival records are essential sources of information for historians and digital humanists to understand history. For modern information systems they are often analysed and integrated into Knowledge Graphs for better access, interoperability and re-use. However, due to restrictions of the representation of RDF predicates temporal data within archival records is a challenge to model. This position paper explains requirements for modeling temporal data in archival records based on running research projects in which archival records are analysed and integrated in Knowledge Graphs for research and exploration.
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    Modelling Archival Hierarchies in Practice: Key Aspects and Lessons Learned
    (Aachen, Germany : RWTH Aachen, 2021) Vafaie, Mahsa; Bruns, Oleksandra; Pilz, Nastasja; Dessì, Danilo; Sack, Harald; Sumikawa, Yasunobu; Ikejiri, Ryohei; Doucet, Antoine; Pfanzelter, Eva; Hasanuzzaman, Mohammed; Dias, Gaël; Milligan, Ian; Jatowt, Adam
    An increasing number of archival institutions aim to provide public access to historical documents. Ontologies have been designed, developed and utilised to model the archival description of historical documents and to enable interoperability between different information sources. However, due to the heterogeneous nature of archives and archival systems, current ontologies for the representation of archival content do not always cover all existing structural organisation forms equallywell. After briefly contextualising the heterogeneity in the hierarchical structure of German archives, this paper describes and evaluates differences between two archival ontologies, ArDO and RiC-O, and their approaches to modelling hierarchy levels and archive dynamics.
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    A Multimodal Approach for Semantic Patent Image Retrieval
    (Aachen, Germany : RWTH Aachen, 2021) Pustu-Iren, Kader; Bruns, Gerrit; Ewerth, Ralph
    Patent images such as technical drawings contain valuable information and are frequently used by experts to compare patents. However, current approaches to patent information retrieval are largely focused on textual information. Consequently, we review previous work on patent retrieval with a focus on illustrations in figures. In this paper, we report on work in progress for a novel approach for patent image retrieval that uses deep multimodal features. Scene text spotting and optical character recognition are employed to extract numerals from an image to subsequently identify references to corresponding sentences in the patent document. Furthermore, we use a neural state-of-the-art CLIP model to extract structural features from illustrations and additionally derive textual features from the related patent text using a sentence transformer model. To fuse our multimodal features for similarity search we apply re-ranking according to averaged or maximum scores. In our experiments, we compare the impact of different modalities on the task of similarity search for patent images. The experimental results suggest that patent image retrieval can be successfully performed using the proposed feature sets, while the best results are achieved when combining the features of both modalities.
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    Knowledge Graph enabled Curation and Exploration of Nuremberg's City Heritage
    (Aachen, Germany : RWTH Aachen, 2021) Tietz, Tabea; Bruns, Oleksandra; Göller, Sandra; Razum, Matthias; Dessì, Danilo; Sack, Harald; Paschke, Adrian; Rehm, Georg; Al Qundus, Jamal; Neudecker, Clemens; Pintscher, Lydia
    An important part in European cultural identity relies on European cities and in particular on their histories and cultural heritage. Nuremberg, the home of important artists such as Albrecht Dürer and Hans Sachs developed into the epitome of German and European culture already during the Middle Ages. Throughout history, the city experienced a number of transformations, especially with its almost complete destruction during World War 2. This position paper presents TRANSRAZ, a project with the goal to recreate Nuremberg by means of an interactive 3D tool to explore the city's architecture and culture ranging from the 17th to the 21st century. The goal of this position paper is to discuss the ongoing work of connecting heterogeneous historical data from various sources previously hidden in archives to the 3D model using knowledge graphs for a scientifically accurate interactive exploration on the Web.
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    OEKG: The Open Event Knowledge Graph
    (Aachen, Germany : RWTH Aachen, 2021) Gottschalk, Simon; Kacupaj, Endri; Abdollahi, Sara; Alves, Diego; Amaral, Gabriel; Koutsiana, Elisavet; Kuculo, Tin; Major, Daniela; Mello, Caio; Cheema, Gullal S.; Sittar, Abdul; Swati; Tahmasebzadeh, Golsa; Thakkar, Gaurish
    Accessing and understanding contemporary and historical events of global impact such as the US elections and the Olympic Games is a major prerequisite for cross-lingual event analytics that investigate event causes, perception and consequences across country borders. In this paper, we present the Open Event Knowledge Graph (OEKG), a multilingual, event-centric, temporal knowledge graph composed of seven different data sets from multiple application domains, including question answering, entity recommendation and named entity recognition. These data sets are all integrated through an easy-to-use and robust pipeline and by linking to the event-centric knowledge graph EventKG. We describe their common schema and demonstrate the use of the OEKG at the example of three use cases: type-specific image retrieval, hybrid question answering over knowledge graphs and news articles, as well as language-specific event recommendation. The OEKG and its query endpoint are publicly available.
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    Detecting Cross-Language Plagiarism using Open Knowledge Graphs
    (Aachen, Germany : RWTH Aachen, 2021) Stegmüller, Johannes; Bauer-Marquart, Fabian; Meuschke, Norman; Ruas, Terry; Schubotz, Moritz; Gipp, Bela; Zhang, Chengzhi; Mayr, Philipp; Lu, Wie; Zhang, Yi
    Identifying cross-language plagiarism is challenging, especially for distant language pairs and sense-for-sense translations. We introduce the new multilingual retrieval model Cross-Language Ontology-Based Similarity Analysis (CL-OSA) for this task. CL-OSA represents documents as entity vectors obtained from the open knowledge graph Wikidata. Opposed to other methods, CL-OSA does not require computationally expensive machine translation, nor pre-training using comparable or parallel corpora. It reliably disambiguates homonyms and scales to allow its application toWebscale document collections. We show that CL-OSA outperforms state-of-the-art methods for retrieving candidate documents from five large, topically diverse test corpora that include distant language pairs like Japanese-English. For identifying cross-language plagiarism at the character level, CL-OSA primarily improves the detection of sense-for-sense translations. For these challenging cases, CL-OSA’s performance in terms of the well-established PlagDet score exceeds that of the best competitor by more than factor two. The code and data of our study are openly available.
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    DDB-EDM to FaBiO: The Case of the German Digital Library
    (Aachen, Germany : RWTH Aachen, 2021) Tan, Mary Ann; Tietz, Tabea; Bruns, Oleksandra; Oppenlaender, Jonas; Dessì, Danilo; Sack, Harald; Seneviratne, Oshani; Pesquita, Catia; Sequeda, Juan; Etcheverry, Lorena
    Cultural heritage portals have the goal of providing users with seamless access to all their resources. This paper introduces initial efforts for a user-oriented restructuring of the German Digital Library (DDB). At present, cultural heritage objects (CHOs) in the DDB are modeled using an extended version of the Europeana Data Model (DDBEDM), which negatively impacts usability and exploration. These challenges can be addressed by leveraging ontologies, and building a knowledge graph from the DDB's voluminous collection. Towards this goal, an alignment of bibliographic metadata from DDB-EDM to FRBR-Aligned Bibliographic Ontology (FaBiO) is presented.