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- ItemA prequel to the Dantean Anomaly: The precipitation seesaw and droughts of 1302 to 1307 in Europe(Katlenburg-Lindau : Copernicus Ges., 2020) Bauch, Martin; Labbé, Thomas; Engel, Annabell; Seifert, PatricThe cold/wet anomaly of the 1310s ("Dantean Anomaly") has attracted a lot of attention from scholars, as it is commonly interpreted as a signal of the transition between the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA) and the Little Ice Age (LIA). The huge variability that can be observed during this decade, like the high interannual variability observed in the 1340s, has been highlighted as a side effect of this rapid climatic transition. In this paper, we demonstrate that a multiseasonal drought of almost 2 years occurred in the Mediterranean between 1302 and 1304, followed by a series of hot, dry summers north of the Alps from 1304 to 1306. We suggest that this outstanding dry anomaly, unique in the 13th and 14th centuries, together with cold anomalies of the 1310s and the 1340s, is part of the climatic shift from the MCA to the LIA. Our reconstruction of the predominant weather patterns of the first decade of the 14th century based on both documentary and proxy data identifies multiple European precipitation seesaw events between 1302 and 1307, with similarities to the seesaw conditions which prevailed over continental Europe in 2018. It can be debated to what extent the 1302 1307 period can be compared to what is currently discussed regarding the influence of the phenomenon of Arctic amplification on the increasing frequency of persistent stable weather patterns that have occurred since the late 1980s. Additionally, this paper deals with socioeconomic and cultural responses to drought risks in the Middle Ages as outlined in contemporary sources and provides evidence that there is a significant correlation between pronounced dry seasons and fires that devastated cities. © 2020 Copernicus GmbH. All rights reserved.
- ItemDansgaard-Oeschger-like events of the penultimate climate cycle: The loess point of view(Katlenburg-Lindau : Copernicus Ges., 2020) Rousseau, Denis-Didier; Antoine, Pierre; Boers, Niklas; Lagroix, France; Ghil, Michael; Lomax, Johanna; Fuchs, Markus; Debret, Maxime; Hatté, Christine; Moine, Olivier; Gauthier, Caroline; Jordanova, Diana; Jordanova, NeliThe global character of the millennial-scale climate variability associated with the Dansgaard-Oeschger (DO) events in Greenland has been well-established for the last glacial cycle. Mainly due to the sparsity of reliable data, however, the spatial coherence of corresponding variability during the penultimate cycle is less clear. New investigations of European loess records from Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 6 reveal the occurrence of alternating loess intervals and paleosols (incipient soil horizons), similar to those from the last climatic cycle. These paleosols are correlated, based on their stratigraphical position and numbers as well as available optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dates, with interstadials described in various Northern Hemisphere records and in GLt_syn, the synthetic 800 kyr record of Greenland ice core