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- ItemA brief dataset on the model-based evaluation of the growth performance of Bacillus coagulans and l-lactic acid production in a lignin-supplemented medium(Amsterdam : Elsevier, 2017) Glaser, Robert; Venus, JoachimThe data presented in this article are related to the research article entitled “Model-based characterization of growth performance and l-lactic acid production with high optical purity by thermophilic Bacillus coagulans in a lignin-supplemented mixed substrate medium (R. Glaser and J. Venus, 2016) [1]”. This data survey provides the information on characterization of three Bacillus coagulans strains. Information on cofermentation of lignocellulose-related sugars in lignin-containing media is given. Basic characterization data are supported by optical-density high-throughput screening and parameter adjustment to logistic growth models. Lab scale fermentation procedures are examined by model adjustment of a Monod kinetics-based growth model. Lignin consumption is analyzed using the data on decolorization of a lignin-supplemented minimal medium.
- ItemThe molecular structure of 1,2:5,6-Di-O-isopropylidene-3-otoluenesulfonyl- α-D-glucofuranose(Basel : MDPI AG, 2012) Mamat, C.; Peppel, T.; Köckerling, M.The crystal and molecular structure of 1,2:5,6-di-O-isopropylidene-3-Otoluenesulfonyl- α-D-glucofuranose is reported. This compound crystallizes from a petroleum ether/ethyl acetate mixture with the chiral orthorhombic space group P212121 with four molecules in the unit cell. The unit cell parameters are: a = 9.7945(7) Å, b = 10.1945(7) Å, c = 21.306(1) Å, and V = 2127.4(2) Å3. No classical hydrogen bonds were found. Bond lengths and angles of this tosylated glucofuranose derivative are typical.
- ItemModel-based characterisation of growth performance and l-lactic acid production with high optical purity by thermophilic Bacillus coagulans in a lignin-supplemented mixed substrate medium(New York, NY [u.a.] : Elsevier, 2017) Glaser, Robert; Venus, JoachimThree Bacillus coagulans strains were characterised in terms of their ability to grow in lignin-containing fermentation media and to consume the lignocellulose-related sugars glucose, xylose, and arabinose. An optical-density high-throughput screening was used for precharacterisation by means of different mathematical models for comparison (Logistic, Gompertz, Baranyi, Richards & Stannard, and Schnute). The growth response was characterised by the maximum growth rate and lag time. For a comparison of the screening and fermentation results, an unstructured mathematical model was proposed to characterise the lactate production, bacterial growth and substrate consumption. The growth model was then applied to fermentation procedures using wheat straw hydrolysates. The results indicated that the unstructured growth model can be used to evaluate lactate producing fermentation. Under the experimental fermentation conditions, one strain showed the ability to tolerate a high lignin concentration (2.5 g/L) but lacked the capacity for sufficient pentose uptake. The lactate yield of the strains that were able to consume all sugar fractions of glucose, xylose and arabinose was ∼83.4%. A photometric measurement at 280 nm revealed a dynamic change in alkali-lignin concentrations during lactate producing fermentation. A test of decolourisation of vanillin, ferulic acid, and alkali-lignin samples also showed the decolourisation performance of the B. coagulans strains under study. © 2017 The Author(s)
- ItemDirect catalytic conversion of cellulose to liquid straight-chain alkanes(Cambridge : Royal Society of Chemistry, 2014) Op de Beeck, Beau; Dusselier, Michiel; Geboers, Jan; Holsbeek, Jensen; Morré, Eline; Oswald, Steffen; Giebeler, Lars; Sels, Bert F.High yields of liquid straight-chain alkanes were obtained directly from cellulosic feedstock in a one-pot biphasic catalytic system. The catalytic reaction proceeds at elevated temperatures under hydrogen pressure in the presence of tungstosilicic acid, dissolved in the aqueous phase, and modified Ru/C, suspended in the organic phase. Tungstosilicic acid is primarily responsible for cellulose hydrolysis and dehydration steps, while the modified Ru/C selectively hydrogenates intermediates en route to the liquid alkanes. Under optimal conditions, microcrystalline cellulose is converted to 82% n-decane-soluble products, mainly n-hexane, within a few hours, with a minimum formation of gaseous and char products. The dominant route to the liquid alkanes proceeds via 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), whereas the more common pathway via sorbitol appears to be less efficient. High liquid alkane yields were possible through (i) selective conversion of cellulose to glucose and further to HMF by gradually heating the reactor, (ii) a proper hydrothermal modification of commercial Ru/C to tune its chemoselectivity to furan hydrogenation rather than glucose hydrogenation, and (iii) the use of a biphasic reaction system with optimal partitioning of the intermediates and catalytic reactions. The catalytic system is capable of converting subsequent batches of fresh cellulose, enabling accumulation of the liquid alkanes in the organic phase during subsequent runs. Its robustness is illustrated in the conversion of the raw (soft)wood sawdust.
- ItemDisturbing-free determination of yeast concentration in DI water and in glucose using impedance biochips(Basel : MDPI AG, 2020) Kiani, M.; Du, N.; Vogel, M.; Raff, J.; Hübner, U.; Skorupa, I.; Bürger, D.; Schulz, S.E.; Schmidt, O.G.; Blaschke, D.; Schmidt, H.Deionized water and glucose without yeast and with yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) of optical density OD600 that ranges from 4 to 16 has been put in the ring electrode region of six different types of impedance biochips and impedance has been measured in dependence on the added volume (20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25 µL). The measured impedance of two out of the six types of biochips is strongly sensitive to the addition of both liquid without yeast and liquid with yeast and modelled impedance reveals a linear relationship between the impedance model parameters and yeast concentration. The presented biochips allow for continuous impedance measurements without interrupting the cultivation of the yeast. A multiparameter fit of the impedance model parameters allows for determining the concentration of yeast (cy) in the range from cy = 3.3 × 107 to cy = 17 × 107 cells/mL. This work shows that independent on the liquid, i.e., DI water or glucose, the impedance model parameters of the two most sensitive types of biochips with liquid without yeast and with liquid with yeast are clearly distinguishable for the two most sensitive types of biochips.
- ItemBiofunctionalized zinc peroxide (ZnO2) nanoparticles as active oxygen sources and antibacterial agents(London : RSC Publishing, 2017) Bergs, Christian; Brück, Lisa; Rosencrantz, Ruben R.; Conrads, Georg; Elling, Lothar; Pich, AndrijOxygen is one of the most important substances for physiological reactions and metabolisms in biological systems. Through the tailored design of oxygen-releasing materials it might be possible to control different biological processes. In this work we synthesized for the first time zinc peroxide nanoparticles with controlled sizes and biofunctionalized surfaces using a one-step reaction procedure. The zinc peroxide nanoparticles were obtained with tunable sizes (between 4.0 ± 1.2 nm and 9.4 ± 5.2 nm) and were decorated with glucose 1-phosphate (Glc-1P). The specific interaction of the phosphate function of Glc-1P with the nanoparticle surface was monitored by solid state 31P-NMR and zeta-potential measurements. Furthermore, using fluorescence measurements we demonstrated that anchored glucose molecules on the nanoparticle surface are accessible for specific interactions with lectins. It could be shown that these interactions strongly depend on the amount of Glc-1P attached to the nanoparticle surface. Additionally it was demonstrated that the oxygen release from biofunctionalized zinc peroxide nanoparticles could be tuned according to the chemical composition of the nanoparticles and the pH of the aqueous solution. The antibacterial efficiency of the synthesized nanoparticles against Enterococcus faecalis, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Prevotella intermedia was evaluated by determination of minimal bactericidal concentration (MIC).
- ItemSulfonated covalent triazine-based frameworks as catalysts for the hydrolysis of cellobiose to glucose(London : RSC Publishing, 2018) Artz, Jens; Delidovich, Irina; Pilaski, Moritz; Niemeier, Johannes; Kübber, Britta Maria; Rahimi, Khosrow; Palkovits, ReginaCovalent triazine-based frameworks (CTFs) were synthesized in large scale from various monomers. The materials were post-synthetically modified with acid functionalities via gas-phase sulfonation. Acid capacities of up to 0.83 mmol g−1 at sulfonation degrees of up to 10.7 mol% were achieved. Sulfonated CTFs exhibit high specific surface area and porosity as well as excellent thermal stability under aerobic conditions (>300 °C). Successful functionalization was verified investigating catalytic activity in the acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of cellobiose to glucose at 150 °C in H2O. Catalytic activity is mostly affected by porosity, indicating that mesoporosity is beneficial for hydrolysis of cellobiose. Like other sulfonated materials, S-CTFs show low stability under hydrothermal reaction conditions. Recycling of the catalyst is challenging and significant amounts of sulfur leached out of the materials. Nevertheless, gas-phase sulfonation opens a path to tailored solid acids for application in various reactions. S-CTFs form the basis for multi-functional catalysts, containing basic coordination sites for metal catalysts, tunable structural parameters and surface acidity within one sole system.