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Subject: galaxies: active ×

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Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
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    The final SDSS-IV/SPIDERS X-ray point source spectroscopic catalogue
    (Les Ulis : EDP Sciences, 2020) Comparat, J.; Merloni, A.; Dwelly, T.; Salvato, M.; Schwope, A.; Coffey, D.; Wolf, J.; Arcodia, R.; Liu, T.; Buchner, J.; Nandra, K.; Georgakakis, A.; Clerc, N.; Brusa, M.; Brownstein, J.R.; Schneider, D.P.; Pan, K.; Bizyaev, D.
    Aims. We look to provide a detailed description of the SPectroscopic IDentification of ERosita Sources (SPIDERS) survey, an SDSS-IV programme aimed at obtaining spectroscopic classification and redshift measurements for complete samples of sufficiently bright X-ray sources. Methods. We describe the SPIDERS X-ray Point Source Spectroscopic Catalogue, considering its store of 11 092 observed spectra drawn from a parent sample of 14 759 ROSAT and XMM sources over an area of 5129 deg2 covered in SDSS-IV by the eBOSS survey. Results. This programme represents the largest systematic spectroscopic observation of an X-ray selected sample. A total of 10 970 (98.9%) of the observed objects are classified and 10 849 (97.8%) have secure redshifts. The majority of the spectra (10 070 objects) are active galactic nuclei (AGN), 522 are cluster galaxies, and 294 are stars. Conclusions. The observed AGN redshift distribution is in good agreement with simulations based on empirical models for AGN activation and duty cycle. Forming composite spectra of type 1 AGN as a function of the mass and accretion rate of their black holes reveals systematic differences in the H-beta emission line profiles. This study paves the way for systematic spectroscopic observations of sources that are potentially to be discovered in the upcoming eROSITA survey over a large section of the sky.
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    The eROSITA extragalactic CalPV serendipitous catalog
    (Les Ulis : EDP Sciences, 2022) Liu, Teng; Merloni, Andrea; Wolf, Julien; Salvato, Mara; Reiprich, Thomas H.; Comparat, Johan; Arcodia, Riccardo; Lamer, Georg; Georgakakis, Antonis; Dwelly, Tom; Sanders, Jeremy; Buchner, Johannes; Haberl, Frank; Ramos-Ceja, Miriam E.; Wilms, Jörn; Nandra, Kirpal; Brunner, Hermann; Brusa, Marcella; Schwope, Axel; Robrade, Jan; Freyberg, Michael; Boller, Thomas; Maitra, Chandreyee; Veronica, Angie; Malyali, Adam
    Context. The eROSITA X-ray telescope on board the Spectrum-Roentgen-Gamma (SRG) observatory performed calibration and performance verification (CalPV) observations between September 2019 and December 2019, ahead of the planned 4-yr all-sky surveys. Most of them were deep, pointing-mode observations. Aims. We present here the X-ray catalog detected from the set of extra-galactic CalPV observations released to the public by the German eROSITA consortium, and the multiband counterparts of these X-ray sources. Methods. We developed a source detection method optimized for point-like X-ray sources by including extended X-ray emission in the background measurement. The multiband counterparts were identified using a Bayesian method from the CatWISE catalog. Results. Combining 11 CalPV fields, we present a catalog containing 9515 X-ray sources, whose X-ray fluxes were measured through spectral fitting. CatWISE counterparts are presented for 77% of the sources. Significant variabilities are found in 99 of the sources, which are also presented with this paper. Most of these fields show similar number counts of point sources as typical extragalactic fields, and a few harbor particular stellar populations.
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    Astraeus - VI. Hierarchical assembly of AGN and their large-scale effect during the Epoch of Reionization
    (Oxford : Oxford Univ. Press, 2022) Trebitsch, Maxime; Hutter, Anne; Dayal, Pratika; Gottlöber, Stefan; Legrand, Laurent; Yepes, Gustavo
    In this work, the sixth of a series, we use the seminumerical rAdiative tranSfer coupling of galaxy formaTion and Reionization in N-body dark-matter simUlationS (ASTRAEUS) framework to investigate the nature of the sources that reionized the Universe. We extend ASTRAEUS, which already couples a galaxy formation semi-analytical model with a detailed seminumerical reionization scheme, to include a model for black-hole formation, growth, and the production of ionizing radiation from associated active galactic nuclei (AGNs). We calibrate our fiducial AGN model to reproduce the bolometric luminosity function at z ≃ 5, and explore the role of the resulting AGN population in reionizing the Universe. We find that in all the models yielding a reasonable AGN luminosity function, galaxies dominate overwhelmingly the ionizing budget during the Epoch of Reionization, with AGN accounting for 1-10 per cent of the ionizing budget at z = 6 and starting to play a role only below z ≾ 5.