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The COVID‐19 Pandemic Not Only Poses Challenges, but Also Opens Opportunities for Sustainable Transformation
2021, Pradhan, Prajal, Subedi, Daya Raj, Khatiwada, Dilip, Joshi, Kirti Kusum, Kafle, Sagar, Chhetri, Raju Pandit, Dhakal, Shobhakar, Gautam, Ambika Prasad, Khatiwada, Padma Prasad, Mainaly, Jony, Onta, Sharad, Pandey, Vishnu Prasad, Parajuly, Keshav, Pokharel, Sijal, Satyal, Poshendra, Singh, Devendra Raj, Talchabhadel, Rocky, Tha, Rupesh, Thapa, Bhesh Raj, Adhikari, Kamal, Adhikari, Shankar, Chandra Bastakoti, Ram, Bhandari, Pitambar, Bharati, Saraswoti, Bhusal, Yub Raj, Bahadur BK, Man, Bogati, Ramji, Kafle, Simrin, Khadka, Manohara, Khatiwada, Nawa Raj, Lal, Ajay Chandra, Neupane, Dinesh, Neupane, Kaustuv Raj, Ojha, Rajit, Regmi, Narayan Prasad, Rupakheti, Maheswar, Sapkota, Alka, Sapkota, Rupak, Sharma, Mahashram, Shrestha, Gitta, Shrestha, Indira, Shrestha, Khadga Bahadur, Tandukar, Sarmila, Upadhyaya, Shyam, Kropp, Jürgen P., Bhuju, Dinesh Raj
The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted social, economic, and environmental systems worldwide, slowing down and reversing the progress made in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). SDGs belong to the 2030 Agenda to transform our world by tackling humankind's challenges to ensure well-being, economic prosperity, and environmental protection. We explore the potential impacts of the pandemic on SDGs for Nepal. We followed a knowledge co-creation process with experts from various professional backgrounds, involving five steps: online survey, online workshop, assessment of expert's opinions, review and validation, and revision and synthesis. The pandemic has negatively impacted most SDGs in the short term. Particularly, the targets of SDG 1, 4, 5, 8, 9, 10, 11, and 13 have and will continue to have weakly to moderately restricting impacts. However, a few targets of SDG 2, 3, 6, and 11 could also have weakly promoting impacts. The negative impacts have resulted from impeding factors linked to the pandemic. Many of the negative impacts may subside in the medium and long terms. The key five impeding factors are lockdowns, underemployment and unemployment, closure of institutions and facilities, diluted focus and funds for non-COVID-19-related issues, and anticipated reduction in support from development partners. The pandemic has also opened a window of opportunity for sustainable transformation, which is short-lived and narrow. These opportunities are lessons learned for planning and action, socio-economic recovery plan, use of information and communication technologies and the digital economy, reverse migration and “brain gain,” and local governments' exercising authorities.
The role of nitrogen in achieving sustainable food systems for healthy diets
2020, Leip, Adrian, Bodirsky, Benjamin Leon, Kugelberg, Susanna
The ‘food system’ urgently needs a sustainable transformation. Two major challenges have to be solved: the food system has to provide food security with healthy, accessible, affordable, safe and diverse food for all, and it has to do so within the safe operating space of the planetary boundaries, where the pollution from reactive nitrogen turned out to be the largest bottleneck. Here we argue that thinking strategically about how to balance nitrogen flows throughout the food system will make current food systems more resilient and robust. Looking from a material and a governance perspective on the food system, we highlight major nitrogen losses and policy blind spots originating from a compartmentalization of food system spheres. We conclude that a participatory and integrated approach to manage nitrogen flows throughout the food system is necessary to stay within regional and global nitrogen boundaries, and will additionally provide synergies with a sustainable and healthy diet for all. © 2020 The Authors