Synthesis, structure and electron spectra of fused quartz doped with titanium, cerium and neodymium

Abstract

Vitreous silica doped with titanium, cerium or neodymium having specific optical properties was produced by fusing rock crystal or quartz minerals in an electrical vacuum furnace. The dissolution of titanium, cerium and neodymium compound s in vitreous sliica is facilitated by aluminum, either present in the raw material or introduced for this purpose in the form of added chemical compounds. The role of the doping ions in the structure was interpreted on the basis of their electron spectra.