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    35 W continuous-wave Ho:YAG single-crystal fiber laser
    (Cambridge : Cambridge Univ. Press, 2020) Zhao, Yongguang; Wang, Li; Chen, Weidong; Wang, Jianlei; Song, Qingsong; Xu, Xiaodong; Liu, Ying; Shen, Deyuan; Xu, Jun; Mateos, Xavier; Loiko, Pavel; Wang, Zhengping; Xu, Xinguang; Griebner, Uwe; Petrov, Valentin
    We report on a high-power Ho:YAG single-crystal fiber (SCF) laser inband pumped by a high-brightness Tm-fiber laser at 1908 nm. The Ho:YAG SCF grown by the micro-pulling-down technique exhibits a propagation loss of at. A continuous-wave output power of 35.2 W is achieved with a slope efficiency of 42.7%, which is to the best of our knowledge the highest power ever reported from an SCF-based laser in the 2 spectral range. © 2020 The Author(s). Published by Cambridge University Press in association with Chinese Laser Press.
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    Tm3+-doped calcium lithium tantalum gallium garnet (Tm:CLTGG): novel laser crystal
    (Washington, DC : OSA, 2021) Alles, Adrian; Pan, Zhongben; Loiko, Pavel; Serres, Josep Maria; Slimi, Sami; Yingming, Shawuti; Tang, Kaiyang; Wang, Yicheng; Zhao, Yongguang; Dunina, Elena; Kornienko, Alexey; Camy, Patrice; Chen, Weidong; Wang, Li; Griebner, Uwe; Petrov, Valentin; Solé, Rosa Maria; Aguiló, Magdalena; Díaz, Francesc; Mateos, Xavier
    We report on the development of a novel laser crystal with broadband emission properties at ∼2 µm – a Tm3+,Li+-codoped calcium tantalum gallium garnet (Tm:CLTGG). The crystal is grown by the Czochralski method. Its structure (cubic, sp. gr. 𝐼𝑎3¯𝑑, a = 12.5158(0) Å) is refined by the Rietveld method. Tm:CLTGG exhibits a relatively high thermal conductivity of 4.33 Wm-1K-1. Raman spectroscopy confirms a weak concentration of vacancies due to the charge compensation provided by Li+ codoping. The transition probabilities of Tm3+ ions are determined using the modified Judd-Ofelt theory yielding the intensity parameters Ω2 = 5.185, Ω4 = 0.650, Ω6 = 1.068 [10−20 cm2] and α = 0.171 [10−4 cm]. The crystal-field splitting of the Tm3+ multiplets is revealed at 10 K. The first diode-pumped Tm:CLTGG laser generates 1.08 W at ∼2 µm with a slope efficiency of 23.8%. The Tm3+ ions in CLTGG exhibit significant inhomogeneous spectral broadening due to the structure disorder (a random distribution of Ta5+ and Ga3+ cations over octahedral and tetrahedral lattice sites) leading to smooth and broad gain profiles (bandwidth: 130 nm) extending well above 2 µm and rendering Tm:CLTGG suitable for femtosecond pulse generation.
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    Spectroscopy of solid-solution transparent sesquioxide laser ceramic Tm:LuYO3
    (Washington, DC : OSA, 2022) Eremeev, Kirill; Loiko, Pavel; Braud, Alain; Camy, Patrice; Zhang, Jian; Xu, Xiaodong; Zhao, Yongguang; Liu, Peng; Balabanov, Stanislav; Dunina, Elena; Kornienko, Alexey; Fomicheva, Liudmila; Mateos, Xavier; Griebner, Uwe; Petrov, Valentin; Wang, Li; Chen, Weidong
    We report on a detailed spectroscopic study of a Tm3+-doped transparent sesquioxide ceramic based on a solid-solution (lutetia – yttria, LuYO3) composition. The ceramic was fabricated using commercial oxide powders by hot isostatic pressing at 1600°C for 3 h at 190 MPa argon pressure. The most intense Raman peak in Tm:LuYO3 at 385.4 cm−1 takes an intermediate position between those for the parent compounds and is notably broadened (linewidth: 12.8 cm−1). The transition intensities of Tm3+ ions were calculated using the Judd-Ofelt theory; the intensity parameters are W2 = 2.537, W4 = 1.156 and W6 = 0.939 [1020 cm2]. For the 3F4 → 3H6 transition, the stimulated-emission cross-section amounts to 0.27 × 10−20 cm2 at 2059nm and the reabsorption-free luminescence lifetime is 3.47 ms (the 3F4 radiative lifetime is 3.85 ± 0.1 ms). The Tm3+ ions in the ceramic exhibit long-wave multiphonon-assisted emission extending up to at least 2.35 µm; a phonon sideband at 2.23 µm is observed and explained by coupling between electronic transitions and the dominant Raman mode of the sesquioxides. Low temperature (12 K) spectroscopy reveals a significant inhomogeneous spectral broadening confirming formation of a substitutional solid-solution. The mixed ceramic is promising for ultrashort pulse generation at >2 µm.