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- ItemRaman imaging to study structural and chemical features of the dentin enamel junction(London [u.a.] : Institute of Physics, 2015) Alebrahim, M.A.; Krafft, C.; Popp, J.; El-Khateeb, Mohammad Y.The structure and chemical features of the human dentin enamel junction (DEJ) were characterized using Raman spectroscopic imaging. Slices were prepared from 10 German, and 10 Turkish teeth. Raman images were collected at 785 nm excitation and the average Raman spectra were calculated for analysis. Univariate and multivariate spectral analysis were applied for investigation. Raman images were obtained based on the intensity ratios of CH at 1450 cm-1 (matrix) to phosphate at 960 cm-1 (mineral), and carbonate to phosphate (1070/960) ratios. Different algorithms (HCA, K-means cluster and VCA) also used to study the DEJ. The obtained results showed that the width of DEJ is about 5 pm related to univariate method while it varies from 6 to 12 μm based on multivariate spectral technique. Both spectral analyses showed increasing in carbonate content inside the DEJ compared to the dentin, and the amide I (collagen) peak in dentin spectra is higher than DEJ spectra peak.
- ItemEvaluation of Expert Reports to Quantify the Exploration Risk for Geothermal Projects in Germany(Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier, 2015) Ganz, Britta; Ask, Maria; Hangx, Suzanne; Bruckman, Viktor; Kühn, MichaelThe development of deep geothermal energy sources in Germany still faces many uncertainties and high upfront investment costs. Methodical approaches to assess the exploration risk are thus of major importance for geothermal project development. Since 2002, expert reports to quantify the exploration risk for geothermal projects in Germany were carried out. These reports served as a basis for insurance contracts covering the exploration risk. Using data from wells drilled in the meantime, the reports were evaluated and the stated probabilities compared with values actually reached.
- ItemGeometric Partial Differential Equations: Surface and Bulk Processes(Zürich : EMS Publ. House, 2015) Elliott, Charles M.; Kornhuber, Ralf; Sethian, James A.The workshop brought together experts representing a wide range of topics in geometric partial differential equations ranging from analyis over numerical simulation to real-life applications. The main themes of the conference were the analysis of curvature energies, new developments in pdes on surfaces and the treatment of coupled bulk/surface problems.
- ItemGeometric Methods of Complex Analysis(Zürich : EMS Publ. House, 2015) Fornaess, John Erik; Shcherbina, NikolayThe purpose of this workshop was to discuss recent results in Several Complex Variables, Complex Geometry and Complex Dynamical Systems with a special focus on the exchange of ideas and methods among these areas. The main topics of the workshop included Pluripotential Theory and the Monge-Ampère equation, Complex Dynamics, Almost Complex Geometry, Geometric Questions of Complex Analysis (including Theory of Foliations) and Applications, the $\bar{\partial}$-equation and Geometry.
- ItemMini-Workshop: Coideal Subalgebras of Quantum Groups(Zürich : EMS Publ. House, 2015) Kolb, Stefan; Stokman, Jasper V.Coideal subalgebras of quantized enveloping algebras appear naturally if one considers quantum group analogs of Lie subalgebras. Examples appear in the theory of quantum integrable systems with boundary and in harmonic analysis on quantum group analogs of Riemannian symmetric spaces. Recently, much progress has been made to develop a deeper representation theoretic understanding of these examples. On the other hand, coideal subalgebras play a fundamental role in the theory of Nichols algebras. The workshop aimed to discuss these theories in view of the recent developments.
- ItemMini-Workshop: Scales in Plasticity(Zürich : EMS Publ. House, 2015) Luckhaus, StephanThis mini-workshop was devoted to the current state of our understanding of dislocations (essentially slips of lines of atoms in a crystalline solid) and of their impact on the macroscopic behavior of those solids.
- ItemArbeitsgemeinschaft: Mathematical Quasicrystals(Zürich : EMS Publ. House, 2015) Treviño, Rodrigo; Weiss, BarakThis introductory workshop encouraged participants to read important recent works in the topology, geometry and dynamics of highly regular (but aperiodic) discrete sets in Euclidean spaces, and their corresponding tiling spaces. These sets have been recently under intensive investigation by researchers in topology, mathematical physics, dynamics, diophantine approximation, and discrete mathematics, and various different perspectives were emphasized.
- ItemComplexity Theory(Zürich : EMS Publ. House, 2015) Goldreich, Oded; Sudan, Madhu; Vadhan, SalilComputational Complexity Theory is the mathematical study of the intrinsic power and limitations of computational resources like time, space, or randomness. The current workshop focused on recent developments in various sub-areas including arithmetic complexity, Boolean complexity, communication complexity, cryptography, probabilistic proof systems, pseudorandomness and randomness extraction. Many of the developments are related to diverse mathematical fields such as algebraic geometry, combinatorial number theory, probability theory, representation theory, and the theory of error-correcting codes.
- ItemGeometric Topology(Zürich : EMS Publ. House, 2015) Löh, Clara; Schick, ThomasGeometric topology has seen significant advances in the understanding and application of infinite symmetries and of the principles behind them. On the one hand, for advances in (geometric) group theory, tools from algebraic topology are applied and extended; on the other hand, spectacular results in topology (e.g., the proofs of new cases of the Novikov conjecture or the Atiyah conjecture) were only possible through a combination of methods of homotopy theory and new insights in the geometry of groups. This workshop focused on the rich interplay between algebraic topology and geometric group theory.
- ItemMini-Workshop: Ideals of Linear Subspaces, Their Symbolic Powers and Waring Problems(Zürich : EMS Publ. House, 2015) Carlini, Enrico; Guardo, Elena; Harbourne, BrianIt is a fundamental challenge for many problems of significant current interest in algebraic geometry and commutative algebra to understand symbolic powers $I^{(m)}$ of homogeneous ideals $I$ in polynomial rings, particularly ideals of linear varieties. Such problems include computing Waring ranks of polynomials, determining the occurrence of equality $I^{(m)} = I^m$ (or, more generally, of containments $I^{(m)} \subseteq I^r$), computing Waldschmidt constants (i.e., determining the limit of the ratios of the least degree of an element in $I^{(m)}$ to the least degree of an element of $I^m$), and studying major conjectures such as Nagata’s Conjecture and the uniform SHGH Conjecture (which respectively specify the Waldschmidt constant of ideals of generic points in the plane and the Hilbert functions of their symbolic powers).