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Start date: 2000 × End date: 2009 × Author: Ehrhardt, Matthias ×

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Now showing 1 - 10 of 15
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    Implementing exact absorbing boundary condition for the linear one-dimensional Schrödinger problem with variable potential by Titchmarsh-Weyl theory
    (Berlin : Weierstraß-Institut für Angewandte Analysis und Stochastik, 2009) Ehrhardt, Matthias; Zheng, Chunxiong
    A new approach for simulating the solution of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation with a general variable potential will be proposed. The key idea is to approximate the Titchmarsh-Weyl m-function (exact Dirichlet-to-Neumann operator) by a rational function with respect to a suitable spectral parameter. With the proposed method we can overcome the usual high-frequency restriction for absorbing boundary conditions of general variable potential problems. We end up with a fast computational algorithm for absorbing boundary conditions that are accurate for the full frequency band
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    Fast, stable and accurate method for the Black-Scholes equation of American options
    (Berlin : Weierstraß-Institut für Angewandte Analysis und Stochastik, 2008) Ehrhardt, Matthias; Mickens, Ronald E.
    We propose a simple model for the behaviour of long-time investors on stock markets, consisting of three particles, which represent the current price of the stock, and the opinion of the buyers, or sellers resp., about the right trading price. As time evolves both groups of traders update their opinions with respect to the current price. The update speed is controled by a parameter $\gamma$, the price process is described by a geometric Brownian motion. The stability of the market is governed by the difference of the buyers' opinion and the sellers' opinion. We prove that the distance
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    A model of an electrochemical flow cell with porous layer
    (Berlin : Weierstraß-Institut für Angewandte Analysis und Stochastik, 2009) Ehrhardt, Matthias; Fuhrmann, Jürgen; Linke, Alexander
    In this paper we discuss three different mathematical models for fluid-porous interfaces in a simple channel geometry that appears e.g. in thin-layer channel flow cells. Here the difficulties arise from the possibly different orders of the corresponding differential operators in the different domains. A finite volume discretization of this model allows to calculate the limiting current of the H_2 oxidation in a porous electrode with platinum catalyst particles.
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    Mathematical modeling of channel-porous layer interfaces in PEM fuel cells
    (Berlin : Weierstraß-Institut für Angewandte Analysis und Stochastik, 2008) Ehrhardt, Matthias; Fuhrmann, J.; Holzbecher, E.; Linke, A.
    In proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells, the transport of the fuel to the active zones, and the removal of the reaction products are realized using a combination of channels and porous diffusion layers. In order to improve existing mathematical and numerical models of PEM fuel cells, a deeper understanding of the coupling of the flow processes in the channels and diffusion layers is necessary. After discussing different mathematical models for PEM fuel cells, the work will focus on the description of the coupling of the free flow in the channel region with the filtration velocity in the porous diffusion layer as well as interface conditions between them. The difficulty in finding effective coupling conditions at the interface between the channel flow and the membrane lies in the fact that often the orders of the corresponding differential operators are different, e.g., when using stationary (Navier-)Stokes and Darcy's equation. Alternatively, using the Brinkman model for the porous media this difficulty does not occur. We will review different interface conditions, including the well-known Beavers-Joseph-Saffman boundary condition and its recent improvement by Le Bars and Worster.
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    A review of transparent and artificial boundary conditions techniques for linear and nonlinear Schrödinger equations
    (Berlin : Weierstraß-Institut für Angewandte Analysis und Stochastik, 2008) Antoine, Xavier; Arnold, Anton; Besse, Chritophe; Ehrhardt, Matthias; Schädle, Achim
    In this review article we discuss different techniques to solve numerically the time-dependent Schrödinger equation on unbounded domains. We present in detail the most recent approaches and describe briefly alternative ideas pointing out the relations between these works. We conclude with several numerical examples from different application areas to compare the presented techniques. We mainly focus on the one-dimensional problem but also touch upon the situation in two space dimensions and the cubic nonlinear case.
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    Numerical simulation of waves in periodic structures
    (Berlin : Weierstraß-Institut für Angewandte Analysis und Stochastik, 2008) Ehrhardt, Matthias; Han, Houde; Zheng, Chunxiong
    In this work we present a new numerical technique for solving periodic structure problems. This new approach possesses several advantages. First, it allows for a fast evaluation of the Robin-to-Robin operator for periodic array problems. Secondly, this computational method can also be used for bi-periodic structure problems with local defects. Our strategy is an improvement of the recently developed recursive doubling process by Yuan and Lu. In this paper we consider several problems, such as the exterior elliptic problems with strong coercivity, the time-dependent Schrödinger equation and finally the Helmholtz equation with damping.
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    Comparison of the continuous, semi-discrete and fully-discrete Transparent Boundary Conditions (TBC) for the parabolic wave equation 1. Theory
    (Berlin : Weierstraß-Institut für Angewandte Analysis und Stochastik, 2009) Šumichrast, L'ubomír; Ehrhardt, Matthias
    For the simulation of the propagation of optical waves in open wave guiding structures of integrated optics the parabolic approximation of the scalar wave equation is commonly used. This approach is commonly termed the beam propagation method (BPM). It is of paramount importance to have well-performing transparent boundary conditions applied on the boundaries of the finite computational window, to enable the superfluous portion of the propagating wave to radiate away from the wave guiding structure. Three different formulations (continuous, semi-discrete and fully-discrete) of the non-local transparent boundary conditions are described and compared here.
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    Nonlinear models in option pricing : an introduction
    (Berlin : Weierstraß-Institut für Angewandte Analysis und Stochastik, 2008) Ehrhardt, Matthias
    Nonlinear Black-Scholes equations have been increasingly attracting interest over the last two decades, since they provide more accurate values by taking into account more realistic assumptions, such as transaction costs, risks from an unprotected portfolio, large investor's preferences or illiquid markets, which may have an impact on the stock price, the volatility, the drift and the option price itself. This book consists of a collection of contributed chapters of well-known outstanding scientists working successfully in this challenging research area. It discusses concisely several models from the most relevant class of nonlinear Black-Scholes equations for European and American options with a volatility depending on different factors, such as the stock price, the time, the option price and its derivatives. We will present in this book both analytical techniques and numerical methods to solve adequately the arising nonlinear equations. The purpose of this book is to give an overview on the current state-of-the-art research on nonlinear option pricing. The intended audience is on the one hand graduate and Ph.D. students of (mathematical) finance and on the other hand lecturer of mathematical finance and and people working in banks and stock markets that are interested in new tools for option pricing.
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    Evaluation of exact boundary mappings for one-dimensional semiinfinite periodic arrays
    (Berlin : Weierstraß-Institut für Angewandte Analysis und Stochastik, 2008) Ehrhardt, Matthias; Sun, Jiguang; Zheng, Chunxiong
    Periodic arrays are structures consisting of geometrically identical subdomains, usually called periodic cells. In this paper, by taking the Helmholtz equation as a model, we consider the definition and evaluation of the exact boundary mappings for general one-dimensional semi-infinite periodic arrays for any real wavenumber. The well-posedness of the Helmholtz equation is established via the limiting absorption principle. An algorithm based on the doubling procedure and extrapolation technique is proposed to derive the exact Sommerfeld-to-Sommerfeld boundary mapping. The advantages of this algorithm are the robustness and simplicity of implementation. But it also suffers from the high computational cost and the resonance wave numbers. To overcome these shortcomings, we propose another algorithm based on a conjecture about the asymptotic behaviour of limiting absorption principle solutions. The price we have to pay is the resolution of two generalized eigenvalue problems, but still the overall computational cost is significantly reduced. Numerical evidences show that this algorithm presents theoretically the same results as the first algorithm. Moreover, some quantitative comparisons between these two algorithms are given.
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    Numerical simulation of quantum waveguides
    (Berlin : Weierstraß-Institut für Angewandte Analysis und Stochastik, 2008) Arnold, Anton; Ehrhardt, Matthias; Schulte, Maike
    This chapter is a review of the research of the authors from the last decade and focuses on the mathematical analysis of the Schrödinger model for nano-scale semiconductor devices. We discuss transparent boundary conditions (TBCs) for the time-dependent Schrödinger equation on a two dimensional domain. First we derive the two dimensional discrete TBCs in conjunction with a conservative Crank-Nicolson-type finite difference scheme and a compact nine-point scheme. For this difference equations we derive discrete transparent boundary conditions (DTBCs) in order to get highly accurate solutions for open boundary problems. The presented discrete boundary-valued problem is unconditionally stable and completely reflection-free at the boundary. Then, since the DTBCs for the Schrödinger equation include a convolution w.r.t. time with a weakly decaying kernel, we construct approximate DTBCs with a kernel having the form of a finite sum of exponentials, which can be efficiently evaluated by recursion. In several numerical tests we illustrate the perfect absorption of outgoing waves independent of their impact angle at the boundary, the stability, and efficiency of the proposed method. Finally, we apply inhomogeneous DTBCs to the transient simulation of quantum waveguides with a prescribed electron inflow.