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Reliable averaging for the primal variable in the Courant FEM and hierarchical error estimators on red-refined meshes
A hierarchical a posteriori error estimator for the first-order finite element method (FEM) on a red-refined triangular mesh is presented for the 2D Poisson model problem. Reliability and efficiency with some explicit constant is proved for triangulations with inner angles smaller than or equal to π/2 . The error estimator does not rely on any saturation assumption and is valid even in the pre-asymptotic regime on arbitrarily coarse meshes. The evaluation of the estimator is a simple post-processing of the piecewise linear FEM without any extra solve plus a higher-order approximation term. The results also allows the striking observation that arbitrary local averaging of the primal variable leads to a reliable and efficient error estimation. Several numerical experiments illustrate the performance of the proposed a posteriori error estimator for computational benchmarks.
A gradient-robust well-balanced scheme for the compressible isothermal Stokes problem
A novel notion for constructing a well-balanced scheme --- a gradient-robust scheme --- is introduced and a showcase application for a steady compressible, isothermal Stokes equations is presented. Gradient-robustness means that arbitrary gradient fields in the momentum balance are well-balanced by the discrete pressure gradient --- if there is enough mass in the system to compensate the force. The scheme is asymptotic-preserving in the sense that it degenerates for low Mach numbers to a recent inf-sup stable and pressure-robust discretization for the incompressible Stokes equations. The convergence of the coupled FEM-FVM scheme for the nonlinear, isothermal Stokes equations is proved by compactness arguments. Numerical examples illustrate the numerical analysis, and show that the novel approach can lead to a dramatically increased accuracy in nearly-hydrostatic low Mach number flows. Numerical examples also suggest that a straight-forward extension to barotropic situations with nonlinear equations of state is feasible.