Astraeus - VI. Hierarchical assembly of AGN and their large-scale effect during the Epoch of Reionization

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Date
2022
Volume
518
Issue
3
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Publisher
Oxford : Oxford Univ. Press
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Abstract

In this work, the sixth of a series, we use the seminumerical rAdiative tranSfer coupling of galaxy formaTion and Reionization in N-body dark-matter simUlationS (ASTRAEUS) framework to investigate the nature of the sources that reionized the Universe. We extend ASTRAEUS, which already couples a galaxy formation semi-analytical model with a detailed seminumerical reionization scheme, to include a model for black-hole formation, growth, and the production of ionizing radiation from associated active galactic nuclei (AGNs). We calibrate our fiducial AGN model to reproduce the bolometric luminosity function at z ≃ 5, and explore the role of the resulting AGN population in reionizing the Universe. We find that in all the models yielding a reasonable AGN luminosity function, galaxies dominate overwhelmingly the ionizing budget during the Epoch of Reionization, with AGN accounting for 1-10 per cent of the ionizing budget at z = 6 and starting to play a role only below z ≾ 5.

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Keywords
dark ages, reionization, first stars, galaxies: active, galaxies: high-redshift, intergalactic medium, methods: numerical
Citation
Trebitsch, M., Hutter, A., Dayal, P., Gottlöber, S., Legrand, L., & Yepes, G. (2022). Astraeus - VI. Hierarchical assembly of AGN and their large-scale effect during the Epoch of Reionization. 518(3). https://doi.org//10.1093/mnras/stac2138
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CC BY 4.0 Unported