International Strategies Toward the Data Economy : A Comparative Analysis

Abstract

With the advancement of AI, the importance of data has grown signifi- cantly. As a result, a growing number of challenges have emerged simul- taneously concerning data, including safeguarding individual privacy, ensuring national security, and maintaining a competitive advantage. In this report, we investigate how countries approach and manage data to address these challenges by examining their data regulations. We specif- ically examine the global data strategies and exemplary data regulations across leading economic regions: the US, EU, China, Korea, Japan, and India. By analyzing the similarities and differences between them, we aim to understand the impact of data regulation on companies with global, extended supply chains that span multiple jurisdictions. Additionally, we structure the regulations in our data regulation map into three levels: data-driven services, data objects, and the necessary infrastructure. Next, we outline the differences in regulatory approaches that we identified and discuss our interpretation of their implications.