The natural critical current density limit for Li7La3Zr2O12 garnets

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Date
2020
Volume
8
Issue
31
Journal
Journal of materials chemistry : A, Materials for energy and sustainability
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Publisher
London [u.a.] : RSC
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Abstract

Ceramic batteries equipped with Li-metal anodes are expected to double the energy density of conventional Li-ion batteries. Besides high energy densities, also high power is needed when batteries have to be developed for electric vehicles. Practically speaking, so-called critical current densities (CCD) higher than 3 mA cm-2 are needed to realize such systems. As yet, this value has, however, not been achieved for garnet-type Li7La3Zr2O12 (LLZO) being one of the most promising ceramic electrolytes. Most likely, CCD values are influenced by the area specific resistance (ASR) governing ionic transport across the Li|electrolyte interface. Here, single crystals of LLZO with adjusted ASR are used to quantify this relationship in a systematic manner. It turned out that CCD values exponentially decrease with increasing ASR. The highest obtained CCD value was as high as 280 µA cm-2. This value should be regarded as the room-temperature limit for LLZO when no external pressure is applied. Concluding, for polycrystalline samples either stack pressure or a significant increase of the interfacial area is needed to reach current densities equal or higher than the above-mentioned target value. This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry.

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Flatscher, F., Philipp, M., Ganschow, S., Wilkening, H. M. R., & Rettenwander, D. (2020). The natural critical current density limit for Li7La3Zr2O12 garnets (London [u.a.] : RSC). London [u.a.] : RSC. https://doi.org//10.1039/c9ta14177d
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CC BY 3.0 Unported